Mary Allen
ʻO nā tulip kekahi o nā pua maʻamau a mākou e ʻike ai ma nā paka a me nā māla i ka pūnāwai. Loaʻa iā lākou e like me nā pua i ʻoki ʻia ma nā hale kūʻai he nui, i hoʻopaʻa pinepine ʻia i loko o kahi pua. Hoʻokumu lākou i kahi genus me ka ʻoi aku o 150 mau ʻano mea kanu.
E ulu ana nā tulip mai kahi ʻōpala i ka lepo. He lōʻihi a poepoe kona kumu. ʻO nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo he oblong a liʻiliʻi i kahi kiko. ʻO nā pua, ʻike nui ʻia nā petals nui. Hoʻokomo lākou i nā kala keʻokeʻo, ʻulaʻula, ʻulaʻula, violet a ʻeleʻele, a me ka melemele a me ka ʻalani a i ʻole kekahi o kēia mau kala.
Hiki ke waiho wale ʻia nā tulip i ka māla ma hope o ka pua ʻana. ʻO nā ʻāpana o ka mea kanu ma luna o ka lepo a maloʻo a ʻeleʻele. Inā lohi ʻoe e huki iā lākou i waho, noho ka puʻupuʻu i ka lepo. E ulu mai kahi tulip i ka makahiki aʻe. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, he nui nō hoʻi no ka mea e hoʻonui ʻia nā aniani i ka lepo.
Ua ulu mua ʻo Tulip ma nā steppes o Central Asia, i kēia manawa ʻo Turkey, Greece, Algeria, Morocco, a me Sepania hema. No ka ʻōlelo Turkish a me Peresia ka inoa a ʻo ia hoʻi ka turban. Ua hoʻomanaʻo paha ka poʻe i loaʻa i kēia inoa Kelemania i ke poʻo o ka poʻe mai kēia wahi e nā tulip.
Pehea e hānau ai nā tulip?
ʻO ka ʻaiki nui me ka pua i kapa ʻia ʻo "ka makuahine makuahine". I kona mohala ʻana, ulu a puni nā ʻōpuʻu liʻiliʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo "nā puʻupuʻu kaikamahine". Inā waiho wale ʻoe iā lākou i ka lepo, e pua pū lākou i ka makahiki aʻe. ʻOi aku ka ʻeleʻele a ʻoi aku ka paʻa o kēia kapena a hiki i ka haiki loa.
ʻEli ka poʻe māla akamai i nā ʻōpuʻu ke make ka lāʻau. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻawale i ke aniani makuahine a me ke aniani kaikamahine a maloʻo. Pono e kanu hou ʻia i ka hāʻule i hiki ke hoʻokumu i nā aʻa i ka hoʻoilo. He maʻalahi kēia ʻano hoʻolaha tulip a hiki i kēlā me kēia keiki ke hana.
Hana ʻia ka lua o ka hoʻohua ʻana e nā inike, ʻoi aku ka pi. Lawe lākou i ka pollen mai nā stamens kāne a i ka stigma wahine. Ma hope o ka fertilization, ulu nā hua i ka pistil. Mānoanoa loa ka peʻa. A laila hāʻule nā hua i ka lepo. E ulu ana nā ʻōpuʻu tulip liʻiliʻi mai kēia makahiki aʻe.
Hoʻopili ke kanaka i kekahi manawa i kēia ʻano hoʻolaha. Koho pono ʻo ia i nā ʻāpana kāne a me nā ʻāpana wahine a pollinate iā lākou ma ka lima. Kapa ʻia kēia ʻo "crossbreeding", he ʻano hana kēia. ʻO kēia ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana i nā ʻano like ʻole a i ʻole nā mea hou i nā kala like ʻole. Aia nō hoʻi nā tulip i ʻōwili ʻia me nā petals ʻāwīwī.
He aha ka makemake o ka tulip?
Ua hele mai nā tulip mua i Holland ma hope o ka makahiki 1500. ʻO ka poʻe waiwai wale nō ke kālā no ia. ʻO ka mua, ua hoʻololi lākou i nā ʻōpala tulip me kekahi. Ua noi lākou i ke kālā ma hope. Loaʻa nā inoa kūikawā i nā ʻano inoa kūikawā, no ka laʻana, "Admiral" a i ʻole "General".
Nui aʻe ka poʻe i lilo i mea pupule e pili ana i nā tulip a me kā lākou mau puʻupuʻu. ʻO ka hopena, piʻi nui nā kumukūʻai. ʻO ka helu kiʻekiʻe i ka makahiki 1637. ʻEkolu okika o nā ʻano ʻano pipiʻi loa i kūʻai ʻia no 30,000 guilders. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i nā hale kūʻai nui ʻekolu ma Amsterdam no kēlā. A i ʻole ma ke ʻano ʻē aʻe: 200 mau kāne e hana i hoʻokahi makahiki no kēia nui.
Ma hope koke iho naʻe, ua hāʻule kēia mau kumukūʻai. Ua ʻilihune ka poʻe he nui no ka nui o kā lākou uku kālā no kā lākou mau puʻupuʻu tulip akā ʻaʻole hiki ke kūʻai hou aku iā lākou no ia nui. No laila ʻaʻole i holo pono kāu pili i nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe.
He mau laʻana o nā waiwai e piʻi a ʻoi aku ke kumukūʻai. ʻO kekahi kumu o kēia, ʻo ke kūʻai ʻana o nā kānaka i ka waiwai me ka manaʻolana e hiki iā lākou ke kūʻai aku iā lākou ma ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe. Kapa ʻia kēia "speculation". Ke loaʻa i kēlā ʻano kiʻekiʻe, kapa ʻia ʻo ia he “bubble”.
Nui nā wehewehe ʻana i kēia lā no ke kumu i hāʻule koke ai ke kumukūʻai tulip. Ua ʻae ka poʻe ʻepekema ua pohā ka ʻūhā noʻonoʻo ma ʻaneʻi no ka manawa mua ma ka mōʻaukala a hōʻino i nā kānaka he nui. He wahi huli keia i ka moolelo o ka hookele waiwai.