Mary Allen
He mau manu lākou o ka ʻākau loa: Noho wale nā pueo hau ma nā ʻāpana ʻākau loa o ka honua a ua hoʻololi pono ʻia i ke ola i ka hau a me ka hau.
ano
He aha ke ʻano o nā pueo hau?
No ka ʻohana pueo ka pueo hau a he ʻohana pili ia no ka pueo ʻaeto. He manu ikaika loa lākou: hiki iā lākou ke ulu a hiki i 66 kenimika a hiki i ka 2.5 kilokani ke kaumaha. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ko lākou mau ʻēheu he 140 a 165 kenimika.
ʻOi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne. He ʻokoʻa nō hoʻi ke kala ʻana o nā kāne a me nā wahine: ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka keʻokeʻo a keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo o nā kāne i ka wā o ko lākou ola ʻana, ʻo nā pueo hau wahine he mau hulu ʻulaʻula me nā laina ʻeleʻele. ʻO nā pueo hau liʻiliʻi he hina. ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau o ka pueo ke poʻo poʻe me nā maka nui, gula-melemele a me ka nuku ʻeleʻele.
He hulu nō ka nuku - akā, liʻiliʻi lākou a ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma kahi mamao. ʻAʻole ʻike nui ʻia nā pepeiao hulu o ka pueo hau a no laila ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia. Hiki i nā pueo ke hoʻohuli i ko lākou poʻo i 270 degere. ʻO kēia ke ala kūpono no lākou e nānā ai i nā mea pio.
Ma hea kahi e noho ai nā pueo hau?
Noho wale nā pueo hau ma ka ʻāpana ʻākau: ma ʻEulopa ʻĀkau, Iceland, Kanada, Alaska, Siberia, a me Greenland. Noho wale lākou ma ka ʻākau loa, kokoke i ka Arctic Circle.
ʻO ko lākou wahi māhele hema loa aia ma nā mauna o Norewai. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia lākou ma ka mokupuni ʻo Arctic o Svalbard, no ka mea, ʻaʻohe lemmings ma laila - a ʻo nā lemming ka mea nui o nā holoholona. Noho nā pueo hau ma ka tundra ma luna o ka lāʻau i loaʻa kahi puʻu. I ka hooilo, makemake lakou i na wahi e puhi ai ka makani i ka hau. No ka hānau ʻana, hele lākou i nā wahi e heheʻe koke ai ka hau i ka pūnāwai. Noho lākou i nā wahi noho mai ka ʻilikai a hiki i 1500 mika kiʻekiʻe.
He aha nā ʻano pueo ma laila?
Ma kahi kokoke i 200 mau ʻano pueo ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, he 13 wale nō e noho ana ma ʻEulopa. ʻO ka pueo ʻaeto, he mea kakaʻikahi loa ia ma kēia ʻāina, pili pili i ka pueo hau. Akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ia. ʻO ka pueo ʻaeto ka ʻano pueo nui loa ma ka honua. ʻO ka lōʻihi o kona mau ʻēheu hiki ke piʻi i 170 kenimika.
Ehia makahiki o ka pueo hau?
Noho nā pueo hau ʻāhiu ma waena o ʻeiwa a 15 mau makahiki. I ka noho pio ʻana, hiki iā lākou ke ola a hiki i 28 mau makahiki.
Hana
Pehea ka noho ʻana o nā pueo hau?
ʻO nā pueo hau he mau mea hele ola. He ʻuʻuku loa ko lākou wahi noho a ʻo kā lākou mea pio, ʻoiaʻiʻo hoʻi e emi koke. A laila, neʻe ka pueo hau i ka hema a loaʻa hou ka ʻai.
Ma kēia ʻano, ʻike ʻia ka pueo hau i kekahi manawa ma waena o Rūsia, waena o Asia, a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. ʻOiai makemake nā pueo hau e ʻeleu i ka pō, ʻimi pū lākou i mea ʻai i ke ao a me ka pō. Pili ia i ka wā e ʻeleu ai kā lākou mea pio nui, nā lemmings a me nā grouse.
I ka hānai ʻana i nā ʻōpio, ʻaneʻane lākou i waho e loaʻa i ka meaʻai lawa. Ma hope o ka hānai ʻana, lilo lākou i poʻe mehameha a holo kaʻawale i ko lākou ʻāina, kahi a lākou e pale aku ai i nā conspecific. I nā hooilo koʻikoʻi wale nō lākou e hana ai i nā ʻōpuʻu manuahi i kekahi manawa. Hiki i nā pueo hau ke pale aku i ka wā ʻoluʻolu loa: Noho pinepine lākou me ka neʻe ʻole ʻana ma luna o nā pōhaku a i ʻole nā puʻu no nā hola a nānā i ka ʻai.
Hiki wale kēia no ka mea ua uhi ʻia ke kino holoʻokoʻa, a me nā wāwae, i ka hulu – a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka hulu o ka pueo hau ma mua o nā pueo ʻē aʻe. ʻO ke ʻano o kēia ʻano, ua pale pono ʻia lākou mai ke anu. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā pueo hau ke mālama i ka 800 grams o ka momona, kahi i hoʻohui ʻia i ka hulu e insulates i ke anuanu. Mahalo i kēia papa momona, hiki iā lākou ke ola i nā wā pōloli.
ʻO nā hoaaloha a me nā ʻenemi o nā pueo hau
ʻO nā ʻalopeke Arctic a me nā skua nā ʻenemi wale nō o ka pueo hau. Ke hoʻoweliweli ʻia, wehe lākou i ko lākou nuku, ʻānai i ko lākou hulu, hāpai i nā ʻēheu a me ka huā. Inā ʻaʻole huki ka mea hoʻouka, pale lākou iā lākou iho me nā maiuu a me nā nuku a i ʻole e lele i ko lākou ʻenemi.
Pehea e hānau ai nā pueo hau?
Hoʻomaka ke kau moe o ka pueo hau i ka hoʻoilo. Noho pū nā kāne a me nā wahine no hoʻokahi kau a hoʻokahi wale nō hoa i kēia manawa. Hoʻokipa nā kāne i nā wahine me nā leo a me nā neʻe ʻana. ʻO kēia ka hōʻike ʻana i ka ʻeli ʻana o ka pūnana.
A laila hana ke kāne i nā huakaʻi hoʻokipa, e lohi a lohi a hāʻule i ka honua - a lele koke i ka lewa. Oli nā manu ʻelua a hoʻowalewale ke kāne i ka wahine i kahi kūpono e hānai ai. Hāpai ke kāne i ka lemming make ma kona nuku. Aia wale nō ke hāʻawi ʻia i ka wahine e male ai.
Hana ʻia ka hānau ʻana ma waena o nā pōhaku a me nā puʻu mai ka waena o Mei. ʻEli ka wahine i lua i ka lepo a waiho i kāna mau hua i loko. Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai, hoʻomoe ka wahine i ʻekolu a ʻumikūmākahi mau hua i nā lā ʻelua. Hoʻoulu wale ʻia a hānai ʻia e ke kāne i kēia manawa.
Ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina, hāʻule ka ʻōpio, ʻelua lā hoʻi. No laila, ʻokoʻa nā makahiki o nā moa. Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka ʻai, make nā moa ʻōpio a me nā moa liʻiliʻi loa. Me ka lako meaʻai wale nō e ola ai nā kānaka a pau. Kiaʻi ka wahine i nā ʻōpiopio i ka pūnana a ʻo ke kāne e kiʻi i ka ʻai. Holo ka ʻōpio ma hope o ʻeono a ʻehiku pule. E lilo lākou i makua kāne i ka hopena o ka makahiki ʻelua o ke ola.
Pehea e imi ai na pueo hau?
Holo mālie nā pueo hau i ka lewa a kāhāhā i kā lākou mea pio, hopu lākou i ka lele me ko lākou mau maiuu a pepehi me ka nahu ʻana o ko lākou nuku makau ʻoi. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hopu iā lākou i ka manawa mua, e holo lākou ma hope o kā lākou mea pio, e pāpaʻi ana ma ka honua. Mahalo i ka hulu ma ko lākou mau wāwae, ʻaʻole lākou e poho i ka hau.
Pehea e kamaʻilio ai nā pueo hau?
ʻO nā pueo hau he mau manu hilahila a noho mālie no ka hapa nui o ka makahiki. ʻO nā kāne wale nō e hoʻopuka i ka squawk nui a me ka hohonu o ka "Hu" i ka wā male. Hiki ke lohe ʻia kēia mau leo he mau mile ka mamao. ʻO ka ʻōniʻoniʻo ʻoi aʻe a ʻoi aku ka mālie i lohe ʻia mai nā wahine mai. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā pueo hau ke honi a hoʻopuka i nā leo ʻōlelo hoʻomanaʻo e hoʻomanaʻo ana i nā kelepona leo.