Mary Allen
ʻO ke kai he kino wai i hana ʻia me ka wai paʻakai. Ua uhi ʻia ka ʻāpana nui o ka honua i ka wai kai, ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelua hapakolu. Aia nā ʻāpana pākahi, akā pili lākou a pau. Kapa ʻia kēia ʻo "Sea of the World". Ua mahele pinepine ia i elima moana.
Eia kekahi, loaʻa i nā wahi o ka moana nā inoa kūikawā, e like me nā kai pili a me nā kai kūʻono. ʻO ke Kai Mediterranean kahi laʻana o kēia a i ʻole ka Caribbean. ʻO ke Kaiʻula ma waena o ʻAigupita a me ʻArabia, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kai ʻaoʻao i kokoke loa i ka ʻāina.
Ua uhi nui ia ka ili o ka honua e ke kai: Aia ma kahi o 71 pakeneka, oia hoi aneane ekolu hapaha. Aia ka lae hohonu loa ma ka ʻAuwaha ʻo Mariana ma ka Moana Pākīpika. He ʻumikūmākahi tausani mika ka hohonu ma laila.
He aha ke kai, a he aha ke ʻano o ia mea?
Inā puni ka wai i ka ʻāina, ʻaʻole ia he kai akā he loko. Ua kapa ʻia kekahi mau loko i ka moana. ʻElua kumu like ʻole kēia.
He loko paʻakai maoli ke Kai Caspian. Pili no hoi keia i ke Kai Make. Ua loaʻa ko lākou inoa ma muli o ko lākou nui: i ka poʻe, ua like lākou me ke kai.
I Kelemānia, aia kekahi kumu ʻē aʻe. Ma ka ʻōlelo Kelemānia, ʻōlelo maʻamau mākou ʻo Meer no kahi hapa o ka moana a See no ke kū ʻana i ka wai i uka. Ma ka 'ōlelo Kelemānia haʻahaʻa, akā naʻe, ʻo ia ke ʻano ʻē aʻe. Ua loaʻa kekahi hapa i ka ʻōlelo Kelemānia maʻamau.
No laila mākou i ʻōlelo ai "ke kai" no ke kai: ke Kai ʻĀkau, ke Kai Baltic, ke Kai Hema, a pēlā aku. Aia kekahi mau loko ma ka ʻākau o Kelemania i loaʻa ka huaʻōlelo "kai" ma ko lākou mau inoa. ʻO ka mea kaulana loa ʻo ia ʻo Steinhuder Meer ma Lower Saxony, ka loko nui loa ma ka ʻākau.
He aha nā moana i laila?
Ua māhele ʻia ke kai honua i ʻelima mau moana. ʻO ka Moana Pākīpika ka nui ma waena o ʻAmelika a me ʻAsia. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo ka Pākīpika. ʻO ka lua nui ka Moana ʻAkelanika a i ʻole ka Moana ʻAkelanika ma waena o ʻEulopa a me ʻApelika ma ka hikina a me ʻAmelika ma ke komohana. ʻO ke kolu o ka nui loa, ʻo ia ka moana ʻĪnia ma waena o ʻApelika, India, a me Australia.
ʻO ka hā o ka nui loa ʻo ka Moana Hema. ʻO kēia ka wahi a puni ka ʻāina nui o Antarctica. ʻO ka liʻiliʻi loa o nā ʻelima ʻo ka Moana Arctic. Aia ia ma lalo o ka hau arctic a hiki i Kanada a me Rusia.
ʻŌlelo kekahi poʻe no nā kai ʻehiku. Ma waho aʻe o nā moana ʻelima, hoʻohui lākou i ʻelua kai kokoke iā lākou a i ʻole holo pinepine lākou ma ka moku. ʻO nā laʻana maʻamau ʻo ke Kai Mediterranean a me ka Caribbean.
I ka wā kahiko, helu nā kānaka me nā kai ʻehiku. ʻO kēia nā ʻāpana ʻeono o ke Kaiwaenahonua e like me ke Kai Adriatic me ke Kai ʻEleʻele. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia manawa kona ʻano helu ponoʻī. Ua pili loa kēia i nā kai i ʻike ʻia.
No ke aha i mea nui ai ke kai?
Nui ka poʻe e noho ana ma ke kai: lawaiʻa lākou i ka iʻa ma laila, loaʻa ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi a i ʻole holo lākou i ke kai e lawe i nā waiwai. Aia i loko o ke kai nā mea maka e like me ka ʻaila maʻemaʻe, kahi i unuhi ʻia.
ʻO ka mea hope loa, he mea nui ke kai no ke ea o ko kākou honua honua. E mālama ka moana i ka wela, e puʻunaue ia ma o nā au, a e komo pū i nā kinoea ʻōmaʻomaʻo e like me carbon dioxide. No laila, me ka ʻole o lākou, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻomehana honua.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻino ka nui o ka carbon dioxide i ke kai. I ka wai kai, lilo ia i ka ʻakika carbonic. ʻAkaʻaka kēia i ka moana, he mea ʻino ia no nā kino wai.
Ke hopohopo nei nō hoʻi ka poʻe mālama kaiapuni i ka nui aʻe o ka ʻōpala e pau ana i ke kai. Hoʻohaʻahaʻa mālie loa ka plastik. Eia naʻe, hoʻoheheʻe ia i ʻāpana liʻiliʻi loa, nā microplastics. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻopau i loko o ke kino o nā holoholona a hoʻopilikia i laila.
Pehea ke komo ʻana o ka paʻakai i loko o ke kai?
ʻAʻohe wahi ma ka honua ka nui o ka wai e like me ka moana: 97 pakeneka. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke inu i ka wai kai. Ma kekahi mau kapakai, aia nā mea kanu no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka wai kai, kahi e hoʻololi ai i wai inu.
Loaʻa nā paʻakai ma nā pōhaku a puni ka honua. Ma ka pili ʻana i ke kai, ʻōlelo maʻamau kekahi i ka paʻakai papaʻaina a i ʻole ka paʻakai maʻamau, a mākou e hoʻohana ai i ka lumi kuke. Hoʻoheheʻe maikaʻi ʻia ka paʻakai papa i ka wai. Hiki i nā mea liʻiliʻi ke komo i loko o ke kai ma nā muliwai.
Aia kekahi paʻakai ma ke kai. Ke hāʻule mālie nei nō hoʻi ia i loko o ka wai. Hiki nō i nā lua pele ma ka papakū ke hoʻopuka i ka paʻakai. Hoʻokomo pū ka paʻakai i loko o ka wai i nā ōlaʻi ma ke kai.
ʻO ka pōʻai wai ke kumu o ka nui o ka wai e komo i ke kai. Eia naʻe, hiki iā ia ke haʻalele hou i ke kai ma o ka hoʻohu ʻana. ʻAʻole hele ka paʻakai me ia. ʻO ka paʻakai, aia i loko o ke kai, noho ma laila. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka wai, ʻoi aku ka paʻakai o ke kai. No laila, ʻaʻole like ka paʻakai ma kēlā me kēia kai.
Aia ma kahi o 35 grams o ka paʻakai ma kahi o ka lita o ka wai kai. ʻO ia ma kahi o kahi punetune a me ka hapalua. Hoʻopiha pinepine mākou ma kahi o 150 lita o ka wai i loko o kahi ʻauʻau. No laila pono ʻoe e hoʻohui i ʻelima kilokani paʻakai e loaʻa ai ka wai kai.