Mary Allen
ʻO ko lākou uwē ʻana e like me ka liona ua kapa ʻia ko lākou inoa i nā liona kai. Noho nā mea ʻaihue ikaika i ke kai a hoʻololi pono ʻia i ke ola i loko o ka wai.
ano
He aha ke ʻano o nā liona kai?
Aia nā liona kai i ke ʻano o nā mea ʻai a ma laila i ka ʻohana o nā sila pepeiao. Hoʻokumu lākou i ka genus-group Otariini me ʻeono mau ʻano like ʻole.
Ua hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ko lākou kino a ua hoʻololi ʻia nā wāwae mua a me nā wāwae hope i ʻūhā. Noho ka poʻo liʻiliʻi me ka ihu pōkole ma ka ʻāʻī pōkole a ikaika.
ʻAʻole like me nā sila, he mau pinnae liʻiliʻi nā liona kai ma ko lākou mau poʻo a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ko lākou mau lālā hope. Hiki iā ʻoe ke pelu iā lākou i mua ma lalo o kou ʻōpū. Hiki iā lākou ke neʻe wikiwiki a ʻoi aku ka mākaukau ma ka ʻāina ma mua o nā sila.
ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kāne o nā ʻano liona kai a pau ma mua o nā wahine. Ke ala aʻe lākou ma luna o ko lākou mau hiʻohiʻona mua, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hiʻohiʻona nui ma mua o ʻelua mika ke kiʻekiʻe. He mane ko na kane a ua like ko lakou leo me ko ka liona maoli.
ʻO ka hulu o nā liona kai, he ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele loa, a ʻaʻole wai, a ʻo ia ka lauoho a me ka lauoho kiaʻi. No ka mea, ʻaneʻane pau ka ʻaʻahu lalo maikaʻi, e waiho kokoke ana i ke kino. ʻO kahi ʻāpana momona o ka momona, ka mea i kapa ʻia he blubber, maʻamau. Mālama ʻo ia i nā holoholona mai ka wai anuanu.
Ma hea kahi e noho ai ka liona kai?
He ʻōiwi maoli nā liona kai i ke kahakai Pākīpika o ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, ka Pākīpika a me nā kahakai ʻAkelanika o ʻAmelika Hema, a puni nā mokupuni ʻo Galapagos, a me nā kahakai o Australia a me New Zealand. He mau holoholona kai nā liona kai a noho nui ma nā kahakai pōhaku. Piʻi nō naʻe lākou i uka e hoʻomoe, hānau, a hānai i nā ʻōpiopio.
He aha nā ʻano liona kai ma laila?
ʻO nā liona kai Kaleponi (Zalophus californianus) ka mea kaulana loa. Noho lākou ma ke kahakai komohana o ʻAmelika ʻĀkau mai Kanada a Mexico, ʻo lākou nā liona liʻiliʻi a ʻoi aku ka māmā o nā liona kai āpau a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ko lākou ihu a ʻoi aku ka lohi ma mua o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. Ke ulu nei nā kāne a hiki i 220 kenimika, nā wahine a hiki i 170 kenimika ka lōʻihi.
ʻO nā liona kai ikaika loa o Steller (Eumetopias jubatus). ʻO nā kāne a hiki i ʻekolu a me ka hapa mika ka lōʻihi a ʻoi aku ke kaumaha ma mua o hoʻokahi tona, ʻo nā wahine he 240 kenimika wale nō ke ana a hiki i ka 300 kilograms. Noho lākou ma ka ʻākau o ka Pākīpika ʻĀkau a me ʻAmelika ʻĀkau.
ʻO nā liona kai o Aotearoa (Phocarctos hookeri) he liʻiliʻi nō hoʻi: ʻo nā kāne a hiki i 245 kenimika ka lōʻihi, ʻo nā wahine he 200 kenimika ka lōʻihi. Noho lākou ma nā mokupuni sub-Antarctic a puni ʻo Aotearoa a ma nā kapakai o New Zealand's South Island.
Noho ka nui o nā liona kai Australia (Neophoca cinerea) i nā mokupuni mai nā kahakai o ke komohana a me ka hema o Australia. ʻO nā kāne a hiki i 250 kenimika, nā wahine a hiki i 180 kenimika. ʻO nā liona kai ʻAmelika Hema, ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo nā sila mane (Otaria flavescens), e noho ana ma ke kahakai Pākīpika o ʻAmelika Hema mai Peru a hiki i Tierra del Fuego a ma ke kahakai ʻo Atlantika mai ka ʻaoʻao hema a hiki i Brazil. He 250 kenimika ka loa o na kane, 200 kenimika ka wahine.
E like me kā lākou inoa e hōʻike nei, noho nā liona kai Galápagos ma ka Moana Pākīpika ma nā kahakai o nā mokupuni ʻo Galapagos ma kahi o 1000 mau kilomita ma ke komohana o ʻEkuador. Piʻi nā kāne a hiki i 270 kenimika, ʻo nā wahine he 150 a 170 kenimika wale nō ka lōʻihi.
Ehia makahiki o na liona kai?
Ma muli o ke ʻano, ola nā liona kai 12 a 14 mau makahiki, akā hiki i kekahi mau holoholona ke ola a hiki i 20 mau makahiki.
Hana
Pehea ka noho ʻana o nā liona kai?
Hoʻololi maikaʻi ʻia nā liona kai i ke ola i loko o ke kai anuanu: Me ko lākou kino a me nā wāwae i hoʻololi ʻia i mau kīʻaha, hiki iā lākou ke ʻauʻau a me ka nani a hiki ke piʻi i ka wikiwiki a hiki i 40 mau kilomita i ka hola i ka wai.
ʻO kahi papa momona momona, ka blubber, e pale i nā holoholona mai ke kai anuanu. Inā loaʻa ke anu, hiki i nā liona kai ke hoʻopaʻa i ke koko i nā ʻāpana o waho o ke kino i ʻole e pau ka wela a maʻalili.
Eia kekahi, mahalo i nā hoʻololi like ʻole o ko lākou kino, hiki iā lākou ke luʻu a hiki i 15 mau minuke a hiki i 170 mau mika hohonu: Hiki iā lākou ke mālama i ka nui o ka ea, paʻa ko lākou koko i ka nui o ka oxygen, a i ka luʻu ʻana, lohi ka pulse. no laila e hoʻohana ke kino i ka oxygen liʻiliʻi. Hiki iā lākou ke pani paʻa i ko lākou mau puka ihu ke luʻu.
Me ko lākou mau maka māmā, ʻike maikaʻi lākou i ka wai ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele. Hoʻohana lākou i ko lākou ʻala maikaʻi loa e ʻimi i ko lākou ala a puni ma ka ʻāina. ʻO ko lākou mau lauoho ʻike ma ka ʻumiʻumi a ma ke poʻo he mau mea hoʻopā. Eia kekahi, hoʻohana nā liona kai i kahi ʻōnaehana kani kani: hoʻopuka lākou i nā leo ma lalo o ka wai a hoʻonohonoho pono iā lākou iho ma kā lākou leo.
ʻOiai ua manaʻo ʻia nā liona kai he koʻikoʻi, hilahila lākou i ka nahelehele a lele i ka wā e ʻike ai i ke kanaka. I ka wā ʻōpiopio o nā wahine, pale ikaika lākou iā lākou. I ka hihia o nā liona kai, mālama nā kāne, ʻo ia hoʻi nā kāne, i kahi harem a lākou e pale ikaika ai i nā kāne conspecifics.