Mary Allen
ʻO Salamanders nā amphibians. He ʻano kino ko lākou e like me ka moʻo a i ʻole nā koʻokoʻo liʻiliʻi akā ʻaʻole pili iā lākou. Ua pili pili loa lākou i nā newts a me nā rana.
He kino lōʻihi ko nā salamander a pau me ka huelo a me ka ʻili ʻole. Eia kekahi, e ulu hou kekahi ʻāpana kino inā nahu ʻia, no ka laʻana. ʻAʻole waiho ʻo Salamanders i nā hua e like me nā amphibians ʻē aʻe, akā hānau i nā larvae a i ʻole nā 'ōpiopio ola.
ʻOkoʻa loa nā salamanders i waena o lākou iho. Noho mau ka salamander nunui Iapana i ka wai. Hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua mika ka lōʻihi e ulu ai a hiki i 20 kilokani kona kaumaha. ʻElua mau mea nui e noho ana ma ʻEulopa: ka salamander ahi a me ka salamander alpine.
Pehea ke ola o ka salamander ahi?
Noho ka salamander ahi ma kahi o ʻEulopa. Aia ma kahi o 20 kenimika ka lōʻihi a he 50 grams kona kaumaha. ʻO ia paha ka hapalua o ka pā kokoleka. He paheʻe a ʻeleʻele kona ʻili. Loaʻa iā ia nā kiko melemele ma kona kua, hiki ke hoʻomālamalama iki i ka ʻalani. I kona ulu ʻana, hāʻule pinepine kona ʻili e like me ka nahesa.
Makemake ka salamander ahi e noho i nā ululāʻau nui me nā lāʻau deciduous a me coniferous. Makemake ʻo ia e noho kokoke i nā kahawai. Makemake ʻo ia i ka makū a no laila ʻo ia ka mea nui i waho i ka ua a me ka pō. I ka lā e peʻe mau ai ma nā māwae pōhaku, ma lalo o nā aʻa lāʻau, a ma lalo paha o ka lāʻau make.
ʻAʻole kau hua nā salamander ahi. Ma hope o ka hoʻomoʻa ʻia ʻana e ke kāne, e ulu ana nā larva liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻōpū o ka wahine. Ke nui lākou, hānau ka wahine ma kahi o 30 liʻiliʻi i loko o ka wai. E like me ka iʻa, hanu nā ʻōpuʻu me nā gills. Kūʻokoʻa koke lākou a ulu i nā holoholona makua.
ʻOi aku ka makemake o ka poʻe salamander ahi e ʻai i nā pipi, nā snails me ka ʻole o ka pūpū, ka earthworms, akā ʻo nā spiders, a me nā insects. Mālama ka salamander ahi iā ia iho e kūʻē i kona mau ʻenemi ponoʻī me kona mau kiko melemele. Akā, lawe pū ʻo ia i ka lāʻau make ma kona ʻili e pale ai iā ia. He mea maikaʻi loa kēia palekana no ka mea ʻaʻole i hoʻouka ʻia nā salamander ahi.
Eia naʻe, mālama ʻia nā salamanders ahi. Nui ka poʻe o lākou e make ma lalo o nā huila kaʻa a no ka hiki ʻole ke piʻi i nā pā. Ke lawe aku nei ke kanaka i ka nui o ko lakou mau wahi noho ma ka hoololi ana i na ululaau huikau maoli i nahelehele me ka laau hookahi. ʻAʻole hiki ke ulu nā ʻōpala i nā kahawai e kahe ana ma waena o nā paia.
Pehea ke ola o ka alpine salamander?
Noho ka alpine salamander ma nā mauna o Switzerland, Italia, a me Austria a hiki i ka Balkans. Piʻi ʻo ia ma kahi o 15 kenimika ka lōʻihi. He laumania kona ʻili, ʻeleʻele hohonu ma luna, a ʻeleʻele iki ma ka ʻaoʻao ventral.
Noho ka alpine salamander i nā wahi ma kahi o 800 mau mika ma luna o ka ʻilikai a piʻi i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 2,800 mika. Makemake ʻo ia i nā ululāʻau me nā lāʻau deciduous a me nā lāʻau coniferous. Ma kahi kiʻekiʻe, noho ʻo ia ma nā kula alpine pulu, ma lalo o nā kumu lāʻau, a ma nā pali scree. Makemake ʻo ia i ka makū a no laila ʻo ia ka mea nui i waho i ka ua a me ka pō. I ka lā e peʻe mau ai ma nā māwae pōhaku, ma lalo o nā aʻa lāʻau, a ma lalo paha o ka lāʻau make.
ʻAʻole waiho hua nā Alpine salamanders. Ma hope o ka hoʻomoʻa ʻia ʻana e ke kāne, e ulu ana nā larva i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka wahine. ʻAi lākou i ka yolk a hanu ma nā gills. Eia naʻe, hoʻomaka nā gills e emi i loko o ka ʻōpū. ʻElua a ʻekolu mau makahiki. I ka hānau ʻana, ʻehā paha kenimika ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hua a hiki ke hanu a ʻai iā ia iho. Hānau ʻia nā salamander Alpine hoʻokahi a i ʻole he mau māhoe.
ʻOi aku ka makemake o ka Alpine salamanders e ʻai i nā pīkī, nā ʻōpala me ka ʻole o ka pūpū, nā ilo honua, nā ʻāwīwī, a me nā inike. ʻAi ʻia nā salamander Alpine i kekahi manawa e nā jackdaws mauna a i ʻole nā magpies. Lawe pū lākou i ka lāʻau make ma ko lākou ʻili e pale ai iā lākou mai ka hoʻouka ʻana.
ʻAʻole pilikia nā salamanders Alpine akā mālama ʻia. No ka lōʻihi o ka hānau ʻana a hānau wale i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha ʻōpiopio, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hānau wikiwiki. Ua nalowale lākou i ka nui o ka noho ʻana ma muli o ke kūkulu ʻana i nā alanui mauna a me nā waihona.