Mary Allen
He hiʻohiʻona kūikawā ko ka Reindeer: ʻo nā wahine o kēia mau dia mai nā ʻāpana ʻākau loa o ka honua he mau anele ikaika.
ano
He aha ke ʻano o ka reindeer?
No ka ʻohana dia ka Reindeer a ʻo ia ka ʻohana liʻiliʻi o ka reindeer. He 130 a 220 kenimika ka lōʻihi. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka poʻohiwi he 80 a 150 kenimika. ʻO ko lākou kaumaha ma waena o 60 a me 315 kilokani. ʻOi aku ka nui a me ke kaumaha o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine.
He lōʻihi loa ko lākou poʻo a me ko lākou ʻauʻau, a he kiʻekiʻe ko lākou mau wāwae. Pōkole huelo, ākea nā māiuuu. ʻOkoʻa me nā dia ʻē aʻe a pau, he kuʻena ko ka reindeer wahine. Hoʻokahe nā kāne i ko lākou mau kuʻekuʻe i ka hāʻule a me nā wahine i ka puna. A laila, ulu hou nā kui i loko o lāua ʻelua.
Ua palahalaha iki na kaola. He māmā lākou i ke kala a kūkulu ʻia asymmetrically. Hoʻokaʻawale kēia i nā kuene reindeer mai nā kuene o nā dia ʻē aʻe. Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, ikaika loa nā antler e pili ana i ka nui o nā holoholona. Loaʻa i nā kāne he ʻeke puʻu ma ko lākou ʻāʻī e lilo i mea hoʻonui leo. He mane keʻokeʻo lōʻihi ko ʻAmelika ʻĀkau a me Greenlandic ma lalo o ko lākou ʻāʻī. He hulu mānoanoa ko ka Reindeer i ke kauwela a me ka hoʻoilo.
Ma hea kahi e noho ai ka reindeer?
Noho ʻo Reindeer ma nā ʻāpana ʻākau loa o Asia, ʻEulopa, a me ʻAmelika ʻĀkau. Ma laila lākou e noho ai i ka polar a me ka subpolar.
Hiki ke loaʻa ka reindeer ma ka tundra a me ka taiga, ʻo ia hoʻi ma nā wahi ululāʻau ʻākau loa.
He aha nā ʻano reindeer ma laila?
Aia ma kahi o 20 mau ʻano subspecies o ka reindeer, akā like loa lākou a pau. ʻO kēia mau mea ʻo ka reindeer ʻEulopa ʻākau, Svalbard reindeer, tundra reindeer, ke komohana nahele reindeer a i ʻole caribou, a me ka caribou ʻāina paʻa.
ʻOkoʻa lākou a pau i ka nui: ʻo ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo forest reindeer, ka mea nui e noho ana i loko o ka ululāʻau, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka tundra reindeer, kahi e noho nui ai i ka tundra. He ʻeleʻele ko lākou hulu maʻamau. Ua ala mai nā ʻano subspecies he nui no ka noho ʻana o ka reindeer i kahi ākea nui. Ua hoʻololi lākou i nā kūlana kaiapuni kūikawā kūikawā.
Ma waho aʻe o nā ʻohana reindeer liʻiliʻi a ka poʻe Sami, aia nō i ka ʻĀkau ʻEulopa nā reindeer hihiu: ʻo ka nui o ka nui o nā reindeer hihiu ma ʻEulopa hiki ke loaʻa ma ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Hardangervidda, kahi pāpū ma ka hema o Norewai. He 10,000 ka nui o keia poe holoholona. A i ʻole, kakaikahi loa ka reindeer hihiu ma ʻEulopa.
Ehia makahiki o ka reindeer?
Noho ʻo Reindeer ma ka awelika o 12 a 15 mau makahiki. Eia naʻe, hiki i kekahi mau holoholona ke 20 makahiki a ʻoi aku paha ka lōʻihi o ke ola.
Hana
Pehea ke ola o ka reindeer?
Noho ʻo Reindeer i nā holoholona nui, hiki ke helu i kekahi mau haneli mau holoholona - i nā hihia koʻikoʻi a hiki i 40,000 mau holoholona ma Kanada. Ma muli o ko lākou noho ʻana i kahi ea me ka hau a me ka hau no nā mahina he nui, pono lākou e neʻe nui i loko o ka makahiki e loaʻa ai ka meaʻai lawa.
I kekahi manawa, uhi lākou i kahi mamao a hiki i 1000 mau kilomita a hele pū i nā kahawai nui no ka mea he mea ʻauʻau maikaʻi nō hoʻi ka reindeer. Ke alakaʻi ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻohana e kahi alakaʻi.
Akā, aia kekahi kumu koʻikoʻi o kēia mau neʻe ʻana: I ke kauwela, aia nā piliona namu ma ka ʻāina hānau o ka reindeer, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā wahi pulu a haʻahaʻa, kahi e hōʻeha ai a ʻeha i ka reindeer. Paʻa ka reindeer i kēia mau mea ʻino ma ka neʻe ʻana i nā ʻāina mauna i ke kauwela, kahi i liʻiliʻi ai nā makika.
I mea e pale aku ai i ke anu nui o ka hooilo Nordic, ua oi aku ka oi o ka hulu o ka reindeer ma mua o na dia: Ekolu manawa o ka ulu ana o ka lauoho ma ke kenimika huinahalike o ka ili e like me ko kakou dia. Eia kekahi, ua hakahaka ka lauoho a piha i ka ea. Hoʻokumu ka hulu i kahi papa insulating kūpono. ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau o ka ʻohana reindeer, ʻo ia ka leo pohā i hana ʻia e nā ʻili o nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae i ko lākou hele ʻana.
Hiki i ka Reindeer ke hohola akea i ko lakou mau maiuu. Eia kekahi, aia nā insteps ma waena o nā manamana wāwae. ʻO kēia ala ʻaʻole hiki i nā holoholona ke komo i loko a hiki ke hele maikaʻi i ka hau a i ʻole ma ka lepo palupalu. Hoʻohana ʻia nā kuʻekuʻe e nā kāne e hoʻokau i nā kaua kūlana ke hakakā lākou ma luna o nā wahine i ka wā male. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ke kumu o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kuʻuna wahine.
ʻO Reindeer ke ola o ka poʻe Sami o ka ʻākau o Scandinavia a me nā lāhui ʻē aʻe he nui o ʻĀsia akau a me ʻAmelika ʻĀkau. No ka laʻana, mālama ka Sami i nā pua reindeer nui a hele i nā mauna a me nā ululāʻau o Suedena akau, ʻĀkau Norewai, a me Finland me kēia mau holoholona. Noho lākou ma ka ʻiʻo o kēia mau holoholona. I ka wā kahiko, hoʻohana lākou i nā ʻili no nā hale lole a me nā lole. Hoʻohana pū ʻia nā holoholona ma ke ʻano he ʻeke a me nā holoholona huki.
I kēia lā, ʻike pinepine ʻia nā pua e ka helikopter a hoʻokele ʻia i nā ʻāina haʻahaʻa e nā kahu reindeer liʻiliʻi i koe. ʻAʻole e like me ka caribou ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, ʻo ka reindeer ʻEulopa ʻĀkau he ʻano a hoʻohana ʻia i nā kānaka.
No mākou, pili pili loa ka reindeer i ka manaʻo o ka Kalikimaka: Ua manaʻo ʻia lākou ʻo nā holoholona huki o ka holo kaʻa o Santa Clause.
ʻO nā hoaaloha a me nā ʻenemi o ka dia
ʻO nā ʻīlio hae a me nā mea ʻaihue ʻē aʻe e like me nā ʻīlio hae, nā ʻalopeke, nā lynx, a me nā manu ʻaihue hiki ke lilo i mea pōʻino no nā ʻōpio, nā maʻi, a me nā reindeer kahiko. Akā ʻo ka ʻenemi nui loa ʻo ke kanaka, nāna i ʻimi nui i kēia mau holoholona, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau.
Pehea e hānau ai ka reindeer?
Ma muli o ka ʻāina, ʻo ke kau rutting mai ʻAukake a i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Nowemapa. A laila hakakā nā kāne reindeer me ko lākou mau hoa hakakā a hoʻāʻo e lanakila i nā wahine he nui.
Hānau ʻia kahi ʻōpiopio ma 192 a 246 mau lā ma hope o ka male ʻana, ma ka waena o Mei. Kakaʻikahi nā ʻōpio ʻelua. ʻO ka hānau mua ʻana o ke keiki bipi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kona ulu ʻana: a laila ua nui ka manawa e ulu a ulu nui a ikaika a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻoilo. Hiki ke oʻo ka holoholona ma kahi o hoʻokahi makahiki a me ka hapa.
Pehea e kamaʻilio ai ka reindeer?
I ka wā hoʻoheheʻe, hoʻokani ka reindeer kāne i nā leo mai ka ʻōkena a i ka ʻōhumu.
mālama
He aha ka mea e ʻai ai ka reindeer?
ʻAʻole liʻiliʻi ka ʻai o ka reindeer: ʻai nui lākou i ka reindeer moss, e ulu mau ana ma ka ʻāina a me nā pōhaku o nā ʻāpana polar a hiki i ke anuanu loa. ʻEli ka reindeer i kēia mau lichens me nā māiʻuʻu, mai ka hau hohonu loa. ʻAi pū lākou i nā lichens, nā mauʻu, a me nā kumu lāʻau. ʻO kēia meaʻai paʻakikī i ka hoʻomaka ʻana, ʻoluʻolu wale nō. Ma hope mai, hoʻihoʻi hou nā holoholona i ka meaʻai a nau iā ia - e like me nā bipi.