Pāpale

ʻO nā ʻiole i mālama ʻia ma ke ʻano he holoholona no nā ʻiole ʻeleʻele. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ua neʻe lākou mai ʻAsia a i ʻEulopa. Akā, hele lākou i ke komohana ma nā moku a me nā kaʻa.

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He aha ke ʻano o ka ʻiole?

He ʻiole ka ʻiole palaka a no ka ʻohana ʻiole. ʻO ko lākou kaumaha he 200 a 400 grams, i kekahi manawa a hiki i 500 grams. ʻO ko lākou kino he 20 a 28 kenimika a ʻo ko lākou huelo he 17 a 23 kenimika ka lōʻihi. ʻOi aku ka pōkole o ka huelo ʻiole ma mua o ke kino a me he mea lā he "ʻōlohelohe". ʻO kēlā huelo kekahi kumu e hoʻopailua ai ke kanaka i ka ʻiole. ʻAʻole ʻo ia he olohelohe akā he nui nā lālani unahi kahi e ulu ai ka lauoho. Ke hana nei kēia mau lauoho e like me nā antennae, kahi e hoʻohana ai ka ʻiole i alakaʻi.

A ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka huelo o ka ʻiole: hiki i ka ʻiole ke hoʻohana iā ia e kākoʻo iā ia iho i ka wā e piʻi ai a pēlā e mālama ai i kona kaulike. He ʻano ana wela hoʻi ia e hoʻohana ai ka ʻiole e hoʻoponopono i ka wela o kona kino. ʻO nā ʻiole ʻulaʻula hina a ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele a ʻulaʻula paha ma ko lākou kua, a keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ko lākou ʻōpū. Liʻiliʻi ko lākou mau maka a me nā pepeiao. Pokole lauoho ka pepeiao, hūpō ka ihu, ʻaʻohe o ka huelo a mānoanoa. He ʻulaʻula nā wāwae.

Ma waho aʻe o kēia mau holoholona waihoʻoluʻu maʻamau, aia kekahi mau holoholona ʻeleʻele, ʻo kekahi me ka umauma keʻokeʻo. ʻO nā ʻiole i mālama ʻia ma ke ʻano he mau holoholona i kēia mau lā, he mamo lākou a pau na ka ʻiole ʻeleʻele. Ua hānai ʻia lākou i nā ʻano kala he nui: aia i kēia manawa nā holoholona kikoʻī. ʻO nā ʻiole keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo no nā ʻiole ʻeleʻele.

Ma hea kahi e noho ai ka ʻiole

ʻO ka home mua o ka ʻiole brown nā steppes ma Siberia, ka ʻākau o Kina, a me Mongolia. Mai laila aku lākou i lanakila ai i ka honua holoʻokoʻa: kaʻahele lākou a puni ka honua ma ke ʻano he poʻe kaʻa ma nā moku a me nā ʻano mea ʻē aʻe he nui a loaʻa nā wahi āpau i kēia lā.

Noho nā ʻiole ʻāhiu ʻulaʻula ma nā steppes a me nā kula. Ma laila lākou e hana ai i nā lua lālā ākea ma lalo o ka lepo. Ua pili pili nā ʻiole ʻulaʻula me nā kānaka i ka wā kahiko. I kēia mau lā, noho lākou i loko o nā hale waihona, nā hale lole, nā hale kūʻai, nā ʻōpala, a me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe - nani loa ma nā wahi āpau.

He aha nā ʻano ʻiole?

Pili loa ka iole brown me ka iole hale (Rattus rattus). He liʻiliʻi iki kona mau maka a me kona mau pepeiao, a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o kona huelo ma mua o kona kino. Ma Kelemānia ua kipaku ʻia e nā ʻiole ʻeleʻele a ʻaʻole loa i kēia manawa ma Kelemānia a pale ʻia. Nui nā ʻohana ʻē aʻe o ka ʻiole a puni ka honua. ʻAʻole maopopo ka nui o lākou. Ua ʻike ʻia ma mua o 500 mau ʻano ʻiole like ʻole i kēia lā.

Ehia makahiki o ka iole?

Mālama ʻia nā ʻiole ma ke ʻano he mau holoholona no ka lōʻihi o ʻekolu makahiki.

Hana

Pehea ke ola o ka iole?

ʻO nā ʻiole palaka nā mea ola maikaʻi loa. Ma nā wahi a pau e noho ai nā kānaka, he ʻiole. ʻAʻohe mea ʻē aʻe i ʻike ʻia e ka poʻe ʻEulopa i nā kenekulia i hala iho nei: aia nā ʻiole ma laila. No ka mea ʻaʻole lākou kūikawā i kahi noho kūikawā, ua lanakila koke lākou i ko lākou home hou.

Ua aʻo mua ʻia nā ʻiole: ma kahi o nā kānaka, aia kekahi mea e ʻai ai! ʻAʻole maopopo i ka wā i hoʻopili ʻia ai nā ʻiole ʻeleʻele i ke kanaka: he mau kaukani makahiki i hala aku nei, akā he mau haneli wale nō paha makahiki aku nei.

Ala wale ka ʻiole i ke ahiahi a ʻeleu i ka pō. Ma kahi o 40 pakeneka o nā ʻiole ʻeleʻele ma Kelemānia e noho ana ma waho. Hana lākou i nā ʻaoʻao lalo o ka honua a me nā lua me nā ipu ola a me nā ipu ʻai i uhi ʻia me nā lau a me ka mauʻu maloʻo.

Noho nā ʻiole ʻē aʻe i loko o nā hale, nā hale waihona, a i ʻole, ma ka laʻana, i loko o ka ʻōnaehana wai. Hana pū lākou i nā pūnana ma laila. ʻO kēia mau wahi noho ka ʻāina o nā ʻiole a ua pale ikaika ʻia e lākou mai nā holoholona ʻē. Hana pinepine nā ʻiole i nā huakaʻi maoli no ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai: Hele lākou i ʻekolu mau kilomita e ʻimi i ka meaʻai. He poʻe piʻi maikaʻi nā ʻiole, ʻauʻau, a me nā luʻu.

He ʻono maikaʻi ko nā ʻiole, a lākou e hoʻohana ai no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka meaʻai kūpono a ʻaʻole paha. Inā hōʻole ka holoholona i ka ʻai - no ka laʻana, no ka mea ʻawaʻawa - haʻalele nā ​​lālā ʻē aʻe i ka meaʻai ma kahi o ia.

He holoholona pilikanaka loa ka iole. Makemake lākou i ka hui a noho i nā pūʻulu ʻohana nui kahi 60 a 200 mau holoholona cavort. ʻAʻole ʻoluʻolu a mālie ma laila: he hierarchy koʻikoʻi nā ʻiole, i hoʻoholo pinepine ʻia i nā hakakā ikaika.

Hiki i nā ʻiole ke hānau me ka wikiwiki loa. No laila, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻiole ma kekahi mau kūlanakauhale nui ma mua o nā kānaka. Hiki i nā kāne ke hānau i ka makahiki ʻekolu mahina, ʻo nā wahine ma hope iki. He ʻōpio lākou a ʻehiku manawa i ka makahiki.

ʻO nā hoaaloha a me nā ʻenemi o ka ʻiole

Hiki i nā ʻalopeke ʻulaʻula, nā martens, nā polecats, nā ʻīlio, nā pōpoki, a i ʻole nā ​​pueo ke pilikia i nā ʻiole.

Pehea e hanau ai ka iole?

ʻAʻole noho pālua nā ʻiole kāne a me ka wahine. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia ka wahine e nā kāne he nui - a hiki kēia i ka makahiki āpau. Ma hope o 22 a 24 mau lā, hānau ka wahine i ʻeono a ʻeiwa, i kekahi manawa he 13 ʻōpio. Hānau pinepine ka wahine i kāna mau keiki ma kahi pūnana, a hānai pū ʻia nā pēpē ʻiole e nā makuahine ʻiole like ʻole. Mālama ʻia nā ʻiole ʻōpiopio i nalowale i ka makuahine e nā makuahine ʻiole i koe.

ʻO nā ʻiole pēpē nā holoholona pūnana maoli: makapō a ʻōlohelohe, he ʻulaʻula ko lākou ʻili, ʻānai ʻia. Hāmama wale ko lākou mau maka i ka piha ʻana o nā lā he 15. I kēia manawa ua ulu pū kona hulu. Hoʻomaka mālie lākou e ʻike i ko lākou puni. Haʻalele lākou i ka lua no ka manawa mua ke piha lākou i ʻekolu pule. ʻO nā ʻiole ʻōpio he pāʻani nui a hauʻoli nui kekahi i kekahi.

Pehea ka ʻiole e hahai ai?

I kekahi manawa, lilo ka ʻiole i mea ʻaihue: hiki iā lākou ke ʻai i nā manu a me nā vertebrates a hiki i ka nui o ka lapeti. ʻAʻole naʻe nā ʻiole ʻeleʻele a pau e hana pēlā. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo kekahi mau pūʻolo wale nō e hoʻomaka i ka hahai holoholona.

Pehea ke kamaʻilio ʻana o ka ʻiole?

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, lohe wale ʻoe i nā ʻuā a me nā ʻiole, akā hiki iā lākou ke uwē a me ka ʻū. ʻO nā ʻiole "kamaʻilio" kekahi i kekahi i ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ultrasonic range. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki i nā kānaka ke lohe i kekahi mea ma kēia ʻano.