Mary Allen
ʻO Feline hyperthyroidism (FHT) kekahi o nā maʻi maʻamau i nā pōpoki kahiko. ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka ʻike a me ka mālama ʻana, akā hiki ke hoʻōla a me ka hoʻōla.
Ma kahi o 20% o nā pōpoki ma luna o nā makahiki he ʻumi i ʻike ʻia me ka thyroid overactive. Eia nō naʻe, pono mākou e manaʻo he nui ʻole ka nui o nā pōpoki maʻi i ʻike ʻole ʻia. I loko o nā pōpoki me ka hyperthyroidism, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he feline hyperthyroidism (FHT), ʻo ka ʻiʻo thyroid maʻi e hoʻopuka i nā hormones a hoʻokuʻu iā lākou i loko o ke kahe koko e like me T4 (thyroxine) a me T3 (triiodothyronine).
Ua ʻike ʻia ka maʻi e pili ana i nā pōpoki mai ka makahiki 1979. Ua nui ka noiʻi a me ka nānā ʻana mai ia manawa. He nui nā haʻawina i hoʻoponopono i nā helu hihia, ʻikepili ʻikepili, a me nā kūleʻa o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, no laila, i kēia lā, he 40 mau makahiki wale nō ma hope, hiki iā mākou ke hōʻike i ka nui o ka ʻike e pili ana i kēia maʻi hou.
ʻO ia ka maʻi maʻamau maʻamau a i ʻole ka maʻi maʻamau i nā pōpoki kahiko? Hoʻokumu ʻia ka Hyperthyroidism i ka hapa nui o nā maʻi e nā cell tumor benign, i ʻike ʻia he hana adenoma (adenoma = maʻi maʻi maʻi o ka ʻiʻo glandular), ua hoʻonohonoho maʻamau ʻia nā cell i nā nodules 2-20 mm ka nui. Kakaʻikahi loa, ma kahi o 2% o nā hihia, ʻike pū mākou adenocarcinomas i loko o ka thyroid gland, ke ʻano ʻino o ka hyperthyroidism. Hoʻonui ka likelika o ka carcinoma me ka lōʻihi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau; ma hope o ʻehā makahiki he 20%.
Ma 70-75% o nā hihia, hiki ke loaʻa nā loli i nā thyroids ʻelua. ʻO 20% o nā pōpoki maʻi i loaʻa i nā pūnaewele maʻi ʻaʻole wale i ka thyroid akā i ka ectopically, i. H. ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka mediastinal i loko o ka ʻōpū.
ʻIke a me ka hoʻokele
ʻIke pinepine ʻia ka hyperthyroidism feline mua i ka wā o nā hoʻāʻo koko maʻamau no ka mea ʻaʻole kikoʻī nā hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi. Inā ʻoi aku ka holomua o ka maʻi, hōʻike ka pōpoki i nā hōʻailona maʻamau e like me ka pohō kaumaha ʻoiai ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻai, ka makewai nui, a i ʻole nā maʻi ʻōpū.
ʻO nā hōʻailona maʻamau o FHT ma muli o ka pae maʻi:
- kaumaha lilo
- Polyphagia (hoʻonui i ka ʻai ʻai)
- Polyuria (PU, hoʻonui i ka mimi)
- Polydipsia (PD, hoʻonui i ka inu wai)
- hulu huluhulu
- ka leo leo
- hoʻomahaʻole
- hana kūwaho
- Tachycardia (hoʻonui ka puʻuwai puʻuwai)/tachypnea (hoʻonui ʻia ka hanu hanu)
- luaʻi / ʻaʻai
- ʻAʻohe ʻai, pau ka ʻai ʻana, lethargy
Kuhi pinepine ka poʻe nona nā pōpoki i nā loli e pili ana i ka thyroid overactive ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona maʻamau o ka ʻelemakule a no laila e lawe wale i kā lākou pipi i ke kauka lapaʻau ke hele ka maʻi i kahi pae kiʻekiʻe. Ua lilo pinepine ka poʻe maʻi i ka 10-20% o ko lākou kaumaha kino a me ka nui o ka ʻiʻo.
Hana ʻia ka ʻike me ka hoʻāʻo koko. Ana mau 'ia ka T4 (thyroxine). ʻO ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ka serum T4 he 90% a me kahi kikoʻī o 100%, ʻo ia ka mea hiki ke hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻia e hōʻoia i ka ʻike. Aia ka laula kuhikuhi i ka mea hana hale hana a ua hoʻokomo mau ʻia i loko o nā hōʻike. ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka neʻe ʻana o kēia hormone i loko o ke koko e pili ana i nā hōʻailona lapaʻau pili e alakaʻi i ka hōʻoia diagnostic. Hiki i nā hoʻololi koko ʻē aʻe ke hoʻonui i ka ALT (alanine aminotransferase) a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka alkaline phosphatase.
I ka maʻi unilateral, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka thyroid i hoʻonui ʻia e ka palpation a me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i kekahi ʻaoʻao. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa nā pōpoki he nui i ka palpation a ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā waiwai T4 ma luna o ka pae kuhikuhi. Eia nō naʻe, inā hōʻike nā hōʻailona lapaʻau i ka hyperthyroidism, pono e hoʻāʻo hou ʻia kēia mau pōpoki i loko o 2-4 mau pule. Eia kekahi, pono e haʻalele ʻia nā maʻi ʻē aʻe me nā hōʻailona like.
ʻO nā ho'āʻo hoʻokolohua thyroid kaulana ʻē aʻe e like me ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ka T4 manuahi i ka equilibrium dialysis, nā ho'āʻo TSH, nā ho'āʻo hoʻopau ʻana i ka T3, a me nā hoʻāʻo hoʻoulu TSH/TRH ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohui i ka waiwai i ka maʻi.
Pono e helu ʻia a mālama ʻia nā pōpoki me nā hōʻailona lapaʻau a me nā waiwai T4 ma ka hapa o luna o ka pae kuhikuhi. Hoʻohana like ia i nā pōpoki ʻaʻole (akā) hōʻike i nā hōʻailona maʻamau akā hōʻike i nā waiwai T4 ma luna o ka pae kuhikuhi i ʻelua ana. ʻO nā maʻi me nā hōʻailona like me ka FHT penei:
- diabetes mellitus,
- ka malabsorption / maldigestion,
- neoplasia ʻōpū, e laʻa me B. lymphoma alimentary.
E wehewehe i nā maʻi like ʻole
ʻO nā pōpoki Hyperthyroid ka mea i waena o ka makahiki a hiki i ka ʻelemakule a no laila ua predisposed i nā maʻi geriatric ʻē aʻe. Pono e mālama ʻia kēia mau maʻi no ka FHT a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe a nānā mau ʻia. ʻO kēia mau maʻi i pili pinepine me FHT:
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maʻi puʻuwai,
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ke koko kiʻekiʻe,
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nā maʻi retinal,
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ʻo ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi (CKD),
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nā maʻi ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, ka hemahema cobalamin, malabsorption,
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ka pale ʻana i ka insulin,
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maʻi pancreatitis.
No ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kiʻi holoʻokoʻa o ke ʻano o ka pōpoki i hoʻopilikia ʻia, nā hoʻāʻo ʻana o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua, nā ana ʻana o ke koko, nā hoʻokolohua maka, nā x-rays/ultrasound scans, a - ma muli o nā hōʻailona - pono e hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe.
Nā ho'āʻo no ka FHT i manaʻo ʻia ma muli o nā ʻike hou aʻe
- Hoʻāʻo koko T4
- Hoʻāʻo koko hematology
- ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke koko kemika (ʻoi aku.
- Urinalysis (kaumaha kiko'ī, ka ratio creatinine protein urine/UPC)
- no nā hōʻailona maʻi maʻi pū kekahi Spec.PL (pancreas-specific lipase) a me cobalamin
- Palpation o ka thyroid glands a me ka opu
- p? ana o ke koko
- Auscultation naʻau, umauma X-ray
- echocardiography
- ultrasound ʻōpū
- Nānā maka/retinal
- He scintigraphy paha
e hoʻoholo i ka lāʻau lapaʻau
Ma hope o ka hana ʻia ʻana o kahi kiʻi holoʻokoʻa o ka mea maʻi, e hahai ana ka hoʻoholo therapy. ʻO ka pahuhopu mua ka hoʻokūpaʻa ʻana, no ka mea, ʻeleʻele loa nā pōpoki, ʻoluʻolu ʻole, a hōʻike ʻia me nā maʻi ʻōpū. ʻO kahi hoʻopiʻi koʻikoʻi o ka hyperthyroidism ʻo ia ka maʻi maʻi a i ʻole ka maʻi pancreatitis recurrent. Pono nā pōpoki i hoʻopilikia ʻia i ka IV lapaʻau a me ka hōʻailona hōʻailona a hiki iā lākou ke hānai hou iā lākou iho. Hiki i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi paipu hānai ke kākoʻo i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
ʻO ka hana aʻe e hoʻihoʻi i ke kūlana euthyroid i ka hikiwawe, i. H. he kūlana i loaʻa ai ke kiʻekiʻe o T4 i loko o ke koko ma ka hapa haʻahaʻa o ka pae kuhikuhi. ʻO ka nānā mua ʻana ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama ʻia ʻelua a ʻekolu pule ma hope. Pono e nānā mau ʻia nā kumukūʻai o ke kīkī i kēia nānā ʻana. Hiki i ka Hyperthyroidism ke uhi i ka CKD (chronic kidney disease) ma o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā kumu kūʻai ma o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka renal perfusion a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka wai. Eia kekahi, ma muli o ka nalowale ʻana o ka nui o ka ʻiʻo i nā holoholona i hoʻopilikia ʻia, he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ka creatinine a ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka CKD i kēia manawa. I kēia mau pōpoki, ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā pae hormone thyroid maʻamau, ʻike ʻia ʻo CKD ma ke ʻano he hopena ʻaoʻao o ka lāʻau. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka poʻe nona nā pōpoki i ka wā o ka lāʻau lapaʻau mua e hiki mai ana kēia no ka mea aia paha ka loaʻa ʻana o kā lākou pōpoki i ka maʻi kīkī hiki ʻole ke ʻike ʻia.
Kūlike ʻole i nā ʻōlelo aʻo ʻē aʻe, pono e mālama ʻia nā pōpoki me ka CKD a me ka azotemia (ka nui o ka urea i loko o ke koko) ma ka lāʻau thyroid e like me nā pōpoki me nā puʻupaʻa olakino. Pono ka pahuhopu e mālama i ka T4 o ka pōpoki ma lalo o ka waena o ka pae kuhikuhi. ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma ka waiho ʻana i ka pōpoki "he hyperthyroid liʻiliʻi" mai ka mālama ʻia ʻana o FHT e hāʻawi iā mākou i kahi manaʻo palekana. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, alakaʻi ʻia ka T4 kiʻekiʻe i ka hoʻāla ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAAS) e alakaʻi ana i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, ka nui o ka nui, ka paʻa ʻana o ka sodium, ka hypertension renal, a me ka sclerotherapy glomerular, i ka hopena e alakaʻi ai i ka holomua o ka CKD a me ka piʻi ʻana o ke ʻano. . Eia nō naʻe, pono e hana mau ʻia nā loiloi e pale aku i ka hypothyroidism iatrogenic (hoʻokomo ʻia e ke kauka) ma nā koina āpau.
Ma kahi o hoʻokahi o ʻelima mau pōpoki me ka thyroid overactive loaʻa kahi BI kiʻekiʻe. ʻO kēia piʻi ʻana o ke kahe koko ma muli o ka FHT a me ka mālama ʻana iā ia e hoʻihoʻi i ke koko i ka maʻamau. ʻO ka nānā ʻana i ke koko i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana i ka hyperthyroidism he mea nui e ʻike a mālama i ka hypertension pili ʻole i ka FHT. Pēlā nō ia no nā hōʻailona puʻuwai, pili paha i ka FHT a hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia me ka pau ʻana o ka euthyroid. Eia nō naʻe, pono e hana ʻia kahi hoʻokolokolo echocardiographic i kēia mau hihia.
Nā koho lāʻau lapaʻau
He maʻi weliweli ka FHT a pono e mālama ʻia e hoʻokumu i kahi maʻi euthyroid i loko o ka pōpoki. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻai, ʻoki kino, a radioiodine Inc loaʻa no ka mālama ʻana.
ka lapaʻauʻia
Ua ʻae ʻia ka mea hana methimazole no nā pōpoki ma ke ʻano he papa a ma ke ʻano he hopena ʻono e hāʻawi ʻia ʻelua i ka lā. ʻO Carbimazole, i ʻae ʻia no nā pōpoki, ua hoʻololi ʻia i ka methimazole i ke kino a loaʻa ka hopena like. Hoʻopaʻa ʻelua i ka thyroid peroxidase a pēlā e hoʻemi ai i ka biosynthesis o nā hormones thyroid.
Hiki ke mālama ʻia me kēia mau lāʻau i ke ola a lōʻihi paha e hoʻopaʻa i ka pōpoki e kali ana i ka ʻoki ʻana a i ʻole ka radioiodine therapy. Ma kahi o 18% o nā maʻi āpau, akā naʻe, methimazole a i ʻole carbimazole ke kumu o nā hopena ʻaoʻao. Hiki kēia:
- anorexia
- luaʻi
- pruritus a excoriations ma ka maka
- lethargy
- nā maʻi hepatopathies, maʻi maʻi
- hoʻonui ʻia ke koko
Hiki ke loaʻa koke kēia mau hopena ʻaoʻao a i ʻole ma hope o ka lawelawe ʻana no hoʻokahi a ʻelua mahina. ʻO ka luaʻi a me ka pau ʻana o ka ʻai ʻana ka hapa nui i hilinaʻi ʻia a nalowale ma hope o ka hōʻemi ʻana. I ka hopena o nā hopena ʻē aʻe, pono e hoʻopau koke i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia nā koho lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.
Ke hoʻololi i ka lāʻau thyroid, pono e aʻo ʻia ka mea nona ka pōpoki. Hiki i nā mea hana ke loaʻa kahi hopena teratogenic (malformation-causing) i loko o ke kanaka, ʻo ia ke kumu e aʻo ʻia ai e ʻaʻahu i nā mīkina lima i ka wā e lawelawe ai a ʻaʻole pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā papa. ʻO ka hoʻokele me ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "pill pockets" a i ʻole "trojans" kahi hiki iā ʻoe ke hūnā i nā pila he manaʻo maikaʻi. ʻO ka hopena methimazole he mea ʻono loa a makemake ka hapa nui o nā pōpoki.
ʻO kahi mea ʻē aʻe i ʻae ʻole ʻia no nā pōpoki ma Kelemania he gel methimazole e hiki ai i ka mea hana ke komo i ka transdermally. Eia nō hoʻi, pono e hoʻokomo i nā mīkina lima i ka wā o ka noi. No nā pōpoki e koi ana i kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, nui ka nui o ka gel e hoʻopili ai. Akā ʻae ʻia kēia noi lāʻau e nā pōpoki he nui.
Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka pae koko T4 a, inā pono, pono nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe ma hope o ʻekolu, ʻeono, ʻumi, a me 20 pule. ʻO nā poʻe maʻi paʻa e pono ke hoʻāʻo koko i kēlā me kēia pule he 12 no ka mea he maʻi maʻi ʻo FHT a hiki ke piʻi aʻe me ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi tumora, a laila pono e hoʻoponopono ʻia ka nui.
ʻO kekahi pilikia me ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻo ka mālama ʻana i ka mea nona. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻole e emi koke nā hōʻailona ma hope o ka hoʻōki ʻana i nā papa, akā he kaʻina maʻi lohi. ʻIke pinepine mākou i nā pōpoki i ka wā e weliweli ai ke ʻano o ke ola.
nā meaʻai
ʻO ka meaʻai he koho lapaʻau maikaʻi no nā pōpoki noho hoʻokahi a i loko. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hopena ma kahi meaʻai i hoʻemi ʻia ai ka iodine i ka liʻiliʻi e pono ai. No ka mea ʻaʻole hiki i ka thyroid gland ke synthesize i nā hormone thyroid me ka ʻole o ka iodine ma ke ʻano he kumu kūkulu hale, hoʻemi nui ʻia ka hana. Eia nō naʻe, pono e hōʻoia ʻia ʻaʻohe kumu meaʻai ʻē aʻe i hiki ai iā ia ke ʻai i ka iodine.
ʻoki kino
ʻO ka wehe ʻana i ka thyroid gland ka mea maʻalahi akā ʻaʻole ka koho maikaʻi loa no ka mālama ʻana i ka FHT. Hiki ke hoʻohana inā hoʻokahi ʻaoʻao i hoʻopili ʻia a inā ʻaʻohe ʻiʻo thyroid ectopic ma nā wahi hiki ʻole ke komo, e laʻa me B. i loko o ka ʻōpū. ʻOiai ʻo nā koina T4 kiʻekiʻe loa ma mua i loko o ka pae maʻamau i ka lā ma hope o ka hana. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, hoʻolaha ʻia nā adenomas thyroid i nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua, e alakaʻi ana i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka manawa i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai ka ulu ʻana o ke koko i loko o ke koena. ʻO ka wehe ʻana i nā kelepa thyroid ʻelua ʻaʻole ia ke ʻano o ke koho ʻana, no ka mea, ʻo ka mea mua, aia ka pilikia o ka liʻiliʻi loa o nā kelepa parathyroid (nā kino epithelial a i ʻole nā kelepona parathyroid) e noho i loko o ke kino, e alakaʻi ana i ka nele o ka parathyroid hormone.
radioiodine therapy
ʻO ke kūlana gula i ka mālama ʻana i ka FHT he radioiodine therapy. ʻO ia wale nō ke koho e alakaʻi i ka ho'ōla. I ka nui o nā hihia, lawa ka lāʻau hoʻokahi a kokoke i ka 95% o nā pōpoki mālama ʻia ke olakino no ke ola. ʻO ka iodine radioactive e hōʻiliʻili i loko o nā pūnaewele thyroid. Hoʻopili wale ia i nā mea ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku o ka ʻoi aku o ka ikaika a luku iā lākou. ʻAʻole pono ka anesthesia no ka mālama ʻana. ʻO ka hemahema o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ʻo ia ka lōʻihi pono o ka hale maʻi, akā naʻe, ʻokoʻa loa ia mai kahi a i kahi (ma ka liʻiliʻi ʻehā lā, a hiki i ʻehā pule, e pili pū ana hoʻi i ka ʻahaʻōlelo, e laʻa me nā lā he ʻumi ma ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻo Norderstedt). I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia ke kipa ʻana i ka pipi. ʻO kekahi hemahema ʻaʻole i loaʻa kēia ʻano o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma nā wahi āpau. Aia nā ʻōlelo like ʻole e pili ana i nā kumukūʻai: ʻoi aku ke kumukūʻai o ka radioiodine therapy e like me ka lāʻau lapaʻau me nā hoʻāʻo koko pono i kēlā me kēia makahiki a i ʻole ke koena o ke ola. Wahi a nā haʻawina, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke ola ma hope o ka radioiodine therapy ma mua o nā pōpoki i mālama ʻia me ka methimazole.
hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo
He mea nui e hoʻonaʻauao i ka mea nona a hoʻomohala i kahi hoʻolālā lapaʻau pākahi. ʻO ka pono holoholona ka mea nui. ʻO ka pahuhopu ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pae T4 ma ka hapa haʻahaʻa o ka pae kuhikuhi a mālama iā lākou ma laila. ʻO nā maʻi ʻē aʻe e like me CKD, cardiomyopathies, ke koko kiʻekiʻe, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e pono e mālama ʻia a hoʻokomo ʻia i ka nānā mau. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia nānā ʻana no ka mea, ʻo nā maʻi geriatric, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi FHT, pili i ka holomua, a pono e hoʻololi mau ʻia nā protocol lapaʻau e mālama i ka maikaʻi o ke ola o ka mea maʻi.
Nā nīnau i nīnau pinepineʻia
Pehea e hana ai ka pōpoki me ka thyroid overactive?
ʻO nā hōʻailona maʻamau o ka thyroid overactive i nā pōpoki he hoʻomaha. ʻO ka hoʻoikaika kino. ʻO ka makemake (polyphagia).
Pehea ka lōʻihi e ola ai ka pōpoki me ka thyroid overactive?
ʻO ke kūlana gula i ka mālama ʻana i ka FHT he radioiodine therapy. ʻO ia wale nō ke koho e alakaʻi i ka ho'ōla. I ka nui o nā hihia, lawa ka lāʻau hoʻokahi a kokoke i ka 95% o nā pōpoki mālama ʻia ke olakino no ke ola.
Pehea ʻoe e ʻike ai inā pilikia ka pōpoki?
ʻO ka huki ʻana i hope, ka ʻoluʻolu i ka hoʻopā ʻana, ka huhū, ke kulou ʻana, a i ʻole ka līlū ʻana e hōʻike ana e pilikia ana ka holoholona. Ma waho aʻe o ka hana, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe e hāʻawi i kahi hōʻailona pololei o ke kumu e ʻeha ai kāu pōpoki.
He aha ka mea e hānai ai i nā pōpoki me ka thyroid overactive?
Pono e hānai ʻia nā pōpoki me ka thyroid overactive i ka Hills Feline y/d, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka iodine o nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe e hōʻole i ka hopena o ka mālama ʻana.
He aha ka lāʻau no ka hyperthyroidism i nā pōpoki?
Hoʻomaka mau ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hyperthyroidism me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā papa i loaʻa nā mea ikaika thiamazole a me ka carbimazole. Hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻia kēia mau mea ʻelua i ka lā a pale i ka hana ʻana o nā hormones thyroid, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka nui, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka hana.
He aha ka mea e kōkua ai i ka hyperthyroidism i nā pōpoki?
Hiki ke mālama ʻia ka Hyperthyroidism i nā pōpoki me nā lāʻau. ʻO nā lāʻauʻelua "Thiamazol" a me "Carbimazole" e ho'ēmi i ka hanaʻana o nā hormones thyroid. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa kēia i ka nui o ka nui o ka hormone i loko o ke koko. Pono e hāʻawi ʻia ʻelua manawa i ka lā.
Hiki i ka popoki ke uē?
E like me ke kanaka, hiki i nā pōpoki ke uē a ʻike i nā manaʻo. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻohe pilina ma waena o ka waimaka a me ka manaʻo, no ka mea, hōʻike ʻokoʻa nā pōpoki i ko lākou mau manaʻo.
Pehea ke kani ʻana o ka pōpoki ke uē?
ʻO ka uē leo: ʻo ke kaniʻuhū ʻana, ka uē ʻana, a i ʻole ka uē ʻana. Ua emi nā haumāna. ʻO ka ʻāwīwī a me ka wili ʻana o ka huelo.