Mary Allen
ʻO ka puaʻa he mau mammals. I ka biology, hana lākou i kahi genus me kahi o 15 mau ʻano. ʻO ka puaʻa wale nō e noho ana ma ʻEulopa. Hoʻolaha ʻia nā ʻano ʻē aʻe ma Asia a me ʻApelika, ʻo ia hoʻi ma luna o ka "Old World".
ʻOkoʻa loa ka puaʻa. ʻO ka puaʻa ʻāhiu pygmy ka liʻiliʻi loa mai Asia. He ʻumikūmālua kilokani kona kaumaha. ʻO ia ka nui o ke kaumaha o ka ʻīlio liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka puaʻa nui loa ka ululāʻau nui e noho ana ma nā ʻāpana ʻApelika. Mālama lākou a hiki i 300 kilokani.
ʻO ke poʻo elongated me ka ihu he mea maʻamau no nā puaʻa a pau. Liʻiliʻi nā maka. ʻAʻohe aʻa o nā ʻīlio a ulu aʻe i ke ola. Hoʻokala lākou kekahi i kekahi ma ka wili ʻana i kekahi i kekahi. Kapa ka poʻe Hunter iā lākou he "tusks". ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine a he weliweli loa i ka hakakā ʻana.
Pehea ka noho ʻana o ka puaʻa?
Makemake ka puaʻa e noho i loko o nā ululāʻau a i ʻole nā wahi me kekahi mau lāʻau e like me ka savannas. Hele nui lākou i ka pō. I ka lā e moe ai lākou i loko o nā ulu ulu lāʻau a i ʻole i loko o nā lua o nā holoholona ʻē aʻe. Pono ka wai ma kahi kokoke. He poʻe ʻauʻau maikaʻi lākou a like me ka ʻauʻau lepo. A laila, ʻōlelo kekahi: E ʻauʻau ʻoe. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe a pale kēia i kou ʻili. Hoʻopau pū lākou i nā parasites, ʻo ia hoʻi nā pests. Hoʻomaʻalili nō hoʻi iā lākou, no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki i ka puaʻa ke hou.
Noho pū ka hapa nui o nā puaʻa. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, aia kekahi mau wahine a me kā lākou mau holoholona ʻōpiopio, nā puaʻa. Ua kapa ʻia kahi wahine makua he "sua". Noho mehameha na kane makua, a me na puaa.
ʻAi ka puaʻa i nā mea a pau e loaʻa ai a eli paha mai loko mai o ka lepo me ko lākou kumu: nā aʻa, hua, a me nā lau, akā ʻo nā ʻiniko a me nā ilo. Aia nō nā ʻōniʻoniʻo liʻiliʻi ma kā lākou papa kuhikuhi, e like me ka carrion, ʻo ia hoʻi nā holoholona make.
ʻO nā puaʻa e noho nei i loko o kā mākou hale kaʻa he "puaʻa maʻamau". Nui nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o kēia mau lā. No ka puaʻa ʻāhiu lākou. Ua hānai nā kānaka iā lākou. I ka noho ʻana o ka puaʻa i ka nahele ma ʻAmelika i kēia lā, pakele lākou i nā puaʻa ʻohana.
Pehea i puka mai ai kā mākou mau puaʻa?
I ka wā Neolithic, ua hoʻomaka ka poʻe e maʻa i nā puaʻa hihiu a hānai iā lākou. Ua loaʻa nā mea kahiko loa ma ka Hikina Waena. Akā ma ʻEulopa hoʻi i hoʻomaka koke ka hānai puaʻa. Me ka mālie, ua hui pū nā laina hoʻohua. I kēia lā, aia ma kahi o iwakālua mau ʻano puaʻa kaulana, a me nā ʻano puaʻa kaulana ʻole. No ka mea, ʻo ka puaʻa hale ka lālā kaulana loa o kāna ʻohana holoholona ma Kelemania, ua kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo ia ʻo ka "puaʻa".
I ka Middle Ages, hiki i ka poʻe waiwai ke kūʻai i ka puaʻa. Ua ʻai ka poʻe ʻilihune i ka ʻiʻo o nā bipi i hoʻōki i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka waiū no ka mea ʻelemakule loa. Akā i kekahi manawa, mālama ka poʻe ʻilihune i hoʻokahi puaʻa a ʻoi aku paha. Ua hoʻohana lākou i ka ʻai ʻana o ka puaʻa i nā mea āpau e loaʻa iā lākou. Ma nā kūlanakauhale, kaʻahele lākou i nā alanui i kekahi manawa, e ʻai ana i ka ʻōpala. ʻAʻole hiki i ka pipi ke hana pēlā.
No ka mea he holoholona puaʻa ka puaʻa, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokele iā lākou i kahi pā ai ʻole i loko o ka nahele. I ka wā ma mua, ʻo ia ka hana a nā keikikāne. Ma ke kula, ʻai nā puaʻa i nā mea i koe ma hope o ka ʻohi ʻana, a me nā ʻano mauʻu a me nā mea kanu. I loko o ka ululāʻau, ma waho aʻe o nā halo, makemake nui lākou i ka beechnuts a me nā acorns. No ka ham Spanish maikaʻi loa, hiki ke hānai ʻia nā puaʻa me nā acorns i kēia lā.
Manaʻo pinepine ʻia nā puaʻa home he lepo. Akā ʻaʻole pēlā. Inā lawa ko lākou wahi i loko o kahi hale paʻa, hana lākou i kihi no ka lua. Ke hele lākou i loko o ka lepo pulu, hoʻomaʻemaʻe ia i ko lākou ʻili. Eia kekahi, hāʻule ka mahana o ko lākou kino. Pono kēia no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki i ka puaʻa ke hou. A ma muli o ka ʻala maloʻo, ʻaʻole lākou e wela i ka lā. He akamai loa lakou, e like me ka monkey. Hiki ke hōʻike ʻia kēia ma nā hoʻokolohua like ʻole. ʻOi aku kēia iā lākou e like me nā ʻīlio ma mua o ka hipa a me nā bipi.
Aia kekahi poʻe ʻaʻole makemake e ʻai i ka puaʻa no ka mea kūʻē ka hoʻomana. He nui nā Iudaio a me nā Mahometa i manaʻo i ka puaʻa he holoholona "maʻemaʻe". ʻAʻole ʻike nā poʻe i ka puaʻa olakino.
Pehea ka mālama ʻia ʻana o nā puaʻa ma kahi ʻano kūpono i kēia lā?
He holoholona maʻemaʻe ka puaʻa home. Mālama nā mea mahiʻai a mea hānai puaʻa i nā puaʻa hale e pepehi a kūʻai aku i kā lākou ʻiʻo. Ma ka awelika, ʻai kēlā me kēia kanaka ma kahi o hoʻokahi kilokani o ka ʻiʻo i kēlā me kēia pule. Ma kahi o ʻelua hapakolu o ia mea he puaʻa. No laila he nui nā puaʻa i makemake ʻia: Ma [[Kelemānia he hoʻokahi puaʻa no kēlā me kēia ʻekolu kamaʻāina, ma Netherlands, ʻelua mau puaʻa no kēlā me kēia ʻekolu kamaʻāina.
I mea e ʻoluʻolu maoli ai ka puaʻa hale, pono lākou e noho e like me ko lākou mau kūpuna, ka puaʻa hihiu. ʻO kēia ka hihia ma nā wahi he nui a puni ka honua. Ma ʻEulopa, ʻike wale ʻoe i kēlā ma kahi mahiʻai organik. Akā ma laila, ʻaʻole ia he koi. Aia ia ma ka ʻāina kahi e noho ai nā puaʻa a me ke sila o ka ʻae ʻia e pili ana i ka mahiʻai. ʻOi aku ka nui o ke kumukūʻai o ka ʻiʻo mai nā puaʻa hauʻoli.
Ma ia mahiʻai, aia kekahi mau kakini holoholona ma mua o kahi mau haneli. Ua lawa ko lākou wahi i loko o ka pā hale. Aia ka mauʻu ma ka papahele no lākou e ʻimi ai i loko. Hiki iā lākou ke komo i waho i kēlā me kēia lā a i ʻole ke noho ma waho. Hoʻopili lākou i ka honua a ʻauʻau. No ka hanaʻana i kēia, ponoʻoe i kahi ākea a me nā pā maikaʻi i hikiʻole i nā puaʻa ke pakele. Ma ia mau mahiʻai, hana pū lākou me nā ʻano puaʻa kūikawā. ʻAʻole nui nā puaʻa puaʻa a ulu mālie lākou. Pili kēia i ka lining, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau.
Ulu malie ka io o ia mau holoholona. He emi ka wai i loko o ka pā palai, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻiʻo i koe. Akā, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kumukūʻai.
Pehea ʻoe e loaʻa ai ka ʻiʻo nui loa?
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā puaʻa i kēia manawa ke mālama ʻia ma nā mahiʻai kūʻono. Ua kapa pinepine ʻia lākou he "hale hana holoholona" a ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he ʻoihana mahiʻai. ʻAʻole nānā iki kēia ʻano hānai puaʻa i nā ʻano like ʻole o nā holoholona a ua hoʻolālā ʻia e hana i ka nui o ka ʻiʻo me ka hoʻoikaika liʻiliʻi.
Noho nā holoholona ma nā papahele paʻa me nā māwae. Hiki ke holo ka mimi a hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā feces me ka hose. Aia nā keʻena like ʻole i hana ʻia me nā kaola hao. ʻAʻole hiki i nā holoholona ke ʻeli a liʻiliʻi ka pilina me kekahi.
ʻAʻole loaʻa ke kāne maoli no kēia mau lūlū. Hana ʻia ka insemination e ke kanaka me ka syringe. Hapai ka puaa no ka aneane eha mahina. I loko o nā holoholona, ua kapa ʻia kēia "hāpai". A laila hānau ʻia a hiki i 20 mau puaʻa. ʻO kēia mau mea, ma kahi o 13 e ola ma ka awelika. I ka wā e hānai mau ana ka hōʻike i kāna mau puaʻa, ua kapa ʻia nā puaʻa he puaʻa omo. ʻO "Span" kahi huaʻōlelo kahiko no "teat". Ma laila e omo ai ka ʻōpio i ka waiū. Hoʻokahi mahina ka manawa hānai.
A laila hanai ʻia nā puaʻa a momona no ʻeono mahina. A laila hiki lākou i 100 kilokani a pepehi ʻia. No laila he ʻumi mahina ka nui o ka mea holoʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole hoʻi i hoʻokahi makahiki.