Mary Allen
Me kahi hopena hoʻokalakupua, hoihoi ʻia nā aquarium a me nā kānaka a e hana mākou i kahi honua i lalo o ka wai e kono iā ʻoe e moeʻuhane. Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ka metabolism o ka iʻa a me nā mea kanu a me ka ʻōpala mai ka meaʻai, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, nui ka lepo e hōʻiliʻili koke i loko o kahi aquarium.
ʻAʻole kēia lepo e uhi wale i ka ʻike a hoʻopau i nā optics, akā he hopena maikaʻi ʻole hoʻi i nā waiwai wai i hiki ke hana i nā mea ʻino loa. Ma hope a ma hope paha, e pepehi kēia mau meaʻawaʻawa i nā kānaka aquarium a pau. No kēia kumu, he mea nui e hoʻololi wale ʻia ka wai i nā manawa maʻamau akā e kānana mau ʻia. Ma kēia ʻatikala, e hōʻike mākou iā ʻoe i nā ʻano kānana like ʻole a pehea e hana ai kēia ʻenehana aquarium koʻikoʻi.
ʻO ka hana o kahi kānana aquarium
E like me ka inoa e hōʻike nei, ʻo ka hana nui o kahi kānana aquarium ka kānana a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka wai. Ma kēia ʻano, ua kānana ʻia nā mea haumia a pau. ʻAʻole pili ia inā he mea kanu a iʻa paha, he kānana aquarium, inā ua koho ʻia e kūlike me ka aquarium, mālama i ka wai maʻemaʻe a mālama i nā waiwai wai maikaʻi a paʻa. Eia nō naʻe, nui nā ʻano kānana like ʻole, kahi e kānana ai i ka wai ma nā ʻano like ʻole.
Ma waho aʻe o ka hana kānana, lawe pū ka hapa nui o nā kānana aquarium i ka neʻe ʻana i loko o ka wai, ʻo ia ke kumu o ka wai e omo ʻia a hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka wai aquarium kānana. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia no ka mea he nui nā iʻa a me nā mea kanu e pono ai ka neʻe wai maoli. Hāʻawi kekahi mau kānana i ke koho o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka kahe kahe i hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia i nā pono o nā holoholona e noho ana i ka aquarium.
Ma waho aʻe o ka kānana, ʻo nā mea kanu ke kuleana no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā toxins mai ka wai, no laila e lawa mau nā mea kanu i loko o ka aquarium, ʻoiai ʻo kēia wale nō ke ala e ʻike ai i ke koena olaola.
He aha ka kānana i kūpono i ka aquarium hea?
No ka mea he nui nā koho kānana like ʻole, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka hoʻoholo ʻana i kahi ala. Ma muli o kēia, pono ʻoe e ʻike i kēlā me kēia ala.
I ke koho ʻana i ka kānana aquarium hou, pono ʻoe e hoʻolohe i nā pae like ʻole. Ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, he kuleana koʻikoʻi ka mea kānana a pono e hoʻololi i nā pono o nā holoholona e noho ana i ka aquarium. A ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, kūpono nā ʻōnaehana kānana like ʻole no kekahi mau nui a i ʻole nā ʻano aquarium. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻohe kānana liʻiliʻi, pono e hoʻohana ʻia no ka lōʻihi o 100 lita, hiki ke hoʻopau i loko o kahi wai me ka nui o ka wai o 800 lita. No laila, pono e like ka nui o ka aquarium me ka leo kānana o ka kānana.
He aha nā ʻano kānana ma laila?
Nui nā ʻano kānana like ʻole, aia nā mea āpau i ka hana like o ka kānana pono ʻana i ka wai i loko o ka aquarium.
ʻO ke kānana mīkini
Hoʻopili ke kānana mīkini i ka lepo ʻeleʻele a maikaʻi mai ka wai aquarium. He kūpono ia ma ke ʻano he kānana mua a ma ke ʻano he ʻōnaehana kānana kūʻokoʻa. Hoʻomaopopo nā hiʻohiʻona pākahi me ka hoʻololi maʻalahi o ka mea kānana a maʻalahi ke hoʻopili a wehe hou inā pono. ʻOiai he ʻelua a ʻehā paha ka liʻiliʻi o kēia kānana i ka nui o ka nui o ka wai no nā pahu wai maʻemaʻe, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi he 10 ka nui o ka nui no nā pahu wai kai. No kēia kumu, nui nā aquarists e hoʻololi i ka substrate kānana i kēlā me kēia pule, akā ʻo ia ke ʻano ʻaʻole hiki i ka kānana mechanical ke hana ma ke ʻano he kānana biological me ka nui o nā bacteria koʻikoʻi no ka mea ua luku ʻia kēia i ka wā hoʻomaʻemaʻe. ʻO nā kānana kaʻa i loko, no ka laʻana, i loaʻa i nā hoʻolālā he nui, kūpono loa e like me nā kānana mechanical.
kānana kānana
Hoʻohana ʻole ʻia nā kānana trickle. Hana ʻia kēia mau mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "super aerobes". Hoʻopili ʻia ka wai i ka mea kānana, ʻo ia hoʻi, pili maoli ia me ka ea a laila hānai ʻia i loko o kahi kīʻaha ʻokoʻa. I kēia manawa, hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka wai mai kēia kīʻaha. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kānana trickle inā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o 4,000 lita o ka wai i kēlā me kēia hola e holo ana ma luna o ka mea kānana, ʻaʻole loa ia.
Nā kānana anaerobic
ʻO kahi kānana anaerobic kahi ala maikaʻi o ka kānana olaola. Hana kēia kānana me ka ʻole o ka oxygen. Me ia ʻano hoʻohālike, pono e hoʻokahe ʻia ka mea kānana me ka wai haʻahaʻa-oxygen, hiki ke hiki ke kahe mālie ka wai. Inā holo mālie ka wai, ua nalo loa ka oxygen ma hope o kekahi mau kenimika i loko o ka moena kānana. ʻAʻole like me nā koho kānana ʻē aʻe, akā naʻe, ua wāwahi ʻia ka nitrate, i hiki ʻole iā ʻoe ke hoʻololi i nā protein a me nā mea like i nitrate a laila wāwahi iā lākou. No kēia kumu, hiki ke hoʻohana hou ʻia kēia mau kānana a ʻaʻole kūpono e like me nā kānana kū hoʻokahi.
kānana olaola
Me kēia mau kānana kūikawā, hoʻomaʻemaʻe ka hua bacteria i ka wai. Noho nā miliona o nā mea liʻiliʻi, me ka bacteria, amoebas, ciliates, a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, i loko o kēia mau kānana a hānai i nā mea ola i loko o ka wai. Wehe ʻia a hoʻololi ʻia ka mea ola i hiki ke hoʻohui hou i ka wai. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia mau bacteria a me nā mea liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe he ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ma nā mea kānana. No laila he mea nui ʻaʻole e holoi pinepine iā lākou, maikaʻi lākou no ka aquarium, a ʻoiai e kahe ana ka wai ma o ka kānana a ʻaʻole paʻa, ua maikaʻi nā mea a pau. ʻO nā protein, nā momona, a me nā kaʻapona, hiki ke loaʻa i loko o ka wai aquarium, ʻo ia ka meaʻai nui no nā microorganism. Hoʻololi ʻia kēia mau mea i nitrate a me carbon dioxide. He kūpono hoʻi ka kānana biological no nā aquarium āpau.
Kānana kūwaho
Aia kēia kānana ma waho o ka aquarium a no laila ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopilikia i ka optics. Lawe ʻia ka wai ma o nā hoses, i loaʻa me nā anawaena like ʻole, i ka kānana, aia ma ka ʻaoʻao lalo o ka aquarium. Holo ka wai i kēia manawa ma ka kānana, hiki ke hoʻopiha ʻia me nā mea kānana like ʻole a kānana ʻia ma laila. Pono e koho ʻia ka mea kānana e like me ka waihona. Ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana, hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka wai i loko o ka aquarium, e hoʻihoʻi maoli i ka neʻe i loko o ka pahu. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kānana o waho no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou e lawe i kahi wahi i loko o ka aquarium a ʻaʻole e hōʻino i ke kiʻi ʻike.
Kānana loko
Ma waho aʻe o nā kānana waho, aia nō hoʻi nā kānana kūloko. ʻOmo kēia i ka wai, hoʻomaʻemaʻe i loko me nā mea kānana i koho ʻia a hoʻihoʻi i ka wai i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia. Loaʻa i nā kānana kūloko ka pōmaikaʻi ʻaʻole pono nā hoses. He kūpono lākou no ka hoʻohana ʻana e like me nā mea hana kahe a loaʻa i nā nui he nui. ʻOiai hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona e like me nā kānana aerobic maʻemaʻe, aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona e kānana i kahi ʻāpana o ka wai ma ke ʻano anaerobic a me ka hapa aerobic ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hemahema, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo kēia mau kānana e lawe i kahi ākea a pono e hoʻoneʻe loa ʻia mai ka pahu i kēlā me kēia manawa e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia.
Panina
ʻO kēlā me kēia kānana aquarium āu e koho ai, pono ʻoe e hōʻoia e kūʻai ʻoe iā ia i ka nui kūpono. No laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke koho ʻana i kahi hoʻohālike ʻoi aku ka nui, hiki ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka wai, ma mua o kahi kānana liʻiliʻi a hiki ʻole ke mālama i ka nui o ka wai i loko o kāu aquarium. He mea nui nō hoʻi e pane mau ʻoe i nā waiwai a me nā pono o nā kānana i loaʻa iā lākou ke ola lawelawe lōʻihi a mālama mau i ka maʻemaʻe o kāu wai aquarium.