Mary Allen
Hāʻawi nā lāʻau hua i nā hua: nā ʻāpala, nā pears, nā apricots, cherries, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa iā lākou ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa i kēia lā, inā ʻaʻole ke anu. He olakino maikaʻi nā hua ma muli o nā huaora a no laila pono e lilo i ʻāpana o ka ʻai i kēlā me kēia lā.
Mai ka wā kahiko mai, ua ulu ke kanaka i nā lāʻau hua mai nā kumu lāʻau hihiu. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia kēia mau mea i ka biology. Ua hana ʻia kā mākou ʻano hua mai nā ʻano mea kanu pākahi ma o ka hoʻoulu ʻana. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma waena o nā ʻano hua like ʻole, akā ma waena o ʻekolu mau ʻano ulu nui o nā kumulāʻau:
ʻO nā kumu lāʻau maʻamau ka mea ma mua. Ua hoʻopuehu ʻia lākou ma nā kula i hiki i ka mahiʻai ke hoʻohana i ka mauʻu. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā lāʻau liʻiliʻi i loko o nā kīhāpai. Ua lawa kēlā no ka waiho ʻana i kahi pākaukau ma lalo a i ʻole e pāʻani. ʻO nā lāʻau haʻahaʻa ka mea maʻamau i kēia lā. Ulu lākou ma ke ʻano he trellis ma ka pā hale a i ʻole he lāʻau spindle ma kahi mahiko. ʻO nā lālā haʻahaʻa he hapalua mika ma luna o ka honua. No laila hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻohi i nā ʻāpala āpau me ke alapiʻi ʻole.
Pehea i hana ʻia ai nā ʻano huaʻai hou?
Mai nā pua ka hua. I ka wā o ka hana hou ʻana, pono e hōʻea ka pollen mai ka pua kāne i ka stigma o ka pua wahine. Hana ʻia kēia e ka nalo a i ʻole nā mea ʻē aʻe. Inā nui nā lāʻau o nā ʻano like ʻole e pili ana i kekahi, e paʻa nā hua i nā ʻano o kā lākou "makua".
Inā makemake ʻoe e hoʻohua i kahi ʻano hua hou, no ka laʻana, he ʻano ʻāpala, pono ʻoe e lawe mai i ka pollen mai nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe ma luna o ka stigma. Kapa ʻia kēia hana he keʻa. Eia nō naʻe, pono ka mea hānai e pale i nā pi mai ke keʻakeʻa ʻana i kāna hana. No laila mālama ʻo ia i nā pua me ka ʻupena maikaʻi.
A laila lawe mai ka ʻāpala hou i nā ʻano o nā mākua ʻelua me ia. Hiki i ka mea hānai ke koho pono i nā mākua ma muli o ke kala a me ka nui o ka hua a i ʻole pehea lākou e ʻae ai i kekahi mau maʻi. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i ʻike i ka mea e hiki mai ana. He 1,000 a 10,000 mau ho'āʻo e hana i kahi ʻano ʻāpala hou maikaʻi.
Pehea ʻoe e hoʻolaha ai i nā lāʻau hua?
Hāʻawi ka hua hou i kona mau waiwai ma ka pips a i ʻole ka pōhaku. Hiki iā ʻoe ke lūlū i kēia mau ʻanoʻano a ulu i kahi kumulāʻau hua mai ia mau mea. Hiki nō, akā, ulu pinepine nā lāʻau hua i ka nāwaliwali a i ʻole like ʻole, a i ʻole e maʻi hou lākou i nā maʻi. No laila pono ʻia kahi hana ʻē aʻe:
Lawe ka mea kanu i kahi kumulāʻau hua ʻāhiu a ʻoki i ke kumu ma luna iki o ka lepo. ʻOkiʻoki ʻo ia i kahi lāʻau mai ka sapling hou, i kapa ʻia ʻo "scion". A laila kau ʻo ia i ka scion ma luna o ke kumu. Hoʻopili ʻo ia i ke kaula a i ʻole ke kaula hao a puni ia wahi a hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ke kāpili e pale aku i nā pathogens. Kapa ʻia kēia hana holoʻokoʻa "hoʻomaʻemaʻe" a i ʻole "grafting on".
Inā holo pono nā mea a pau, e ulu like nā ʻāpana ʻelua e like me ka iwi haʻi. Penei ka ulu ana o ka laau hua hou. Loaʻa i ka lāʻau nā waiwai o ka lālā grafted. Hoʻohana wale ʻia ke kumu o ka lāʻau hihiu e hāʻawi i ka wai a me nā meaʻai. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke kahua grafting ma ka nui o nā kumulāʻau. Aia ma kahi o ʻelua ākea lima mai ka honua.
Aia kekahi poʻe hānai e hauʻoli nei i ke kālai ʻana i nā scion ʻokoʻa ma nā lālā like ʻole o ka lāʻau hoʻokahi. Hoʻokumu kēia i kahi lāʻau hoʻokahi e hua mai nā ʻano like ʻole o ka hua hoʻokahi. He mea hoihoi loa kēia me nā cherries: loaʻa mau iā ʻoe nā cheri hou no ka manawa lōʻihi no ka mea ʻo kēlā me kēia lālā i ka manawa ʻokoʻa.
Wale: ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻāpala ma luna o nā pears a i ʻole nā plums ma nā apricots. ʻAʻole ulu kēia mau scion, akā make wale. Ua like ia me ka humuhumu ʻana i ka pepeiao o ke gorila i ke kanaka.