Mary Allen
He holoholona ka i'a i ka wai wale no. Hanu lākou me nā ʻiʻo a he ʻili maʻamau. Loaʻa lākou ma nā wahi a pau o ka honua, ma nā muliwai, nā loko, a me ke kai. He vertebrates ka iʻa no ka mea he iwi kuamoʻo ko lākou, e like me nā mammals, nā manu, nā mea kolo, a me nā amphibians.
Nui nā ʻano like ʻole i hiki ke nānā aku i nā ʻano like ʻole. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou ma muli o ke ʻano o kā lākou iwi iwi i ka cartilage a i ʻole iwi, i kapa ʻia hoʻi he iwi. No nā iʻa cartilaginous nā manō a me nā kukuna, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe he iʻa iwi. Noho wale kekahi mau ʻano i ka wai paʻakai o ke kai, ʻo kekahi i ka wai maʻemaʻe o nā muliwai a me nā loko. Eia nō naʻe, neʻe aku kekahi poʻe ma waena o ke kai a me nā muliwai i ka wā o ko lākou ola ʻana, e like me ka ʻeli a me ka salmon.
ʻAi ka hapa nui o nā iʻa i ka limu a me nā mea kanu wai ʻē aʻe. ʻAi kekahi iʻa i nā iʻa ʻē aʻe a me nā holoholona wai liʻiliʻi, a laila ua kapa ʻia lākou he iʻa predatory. He meaʻai hoʻi ka iʻa no nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, e like me nā manu a me nā mea momona. Mai ka wā kahiko loa mai ka wā kahiko ke kiʻi nei ke kanaka i ka iʻa e ʻai ai. I kēia lā, ʻo ka lawaiʻa kekahi mea nui o ka hoʻokele waiwai. ʻO nā iʻa ʻai kaulana loa ʻo ia ka herring, mackerel, cod, a me ka pollock. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka lawaiʻa ʻana o kekahi mau ʻano, no laila ua hoʻoweliweli ʻia lākou i ka pau ʻana a pono e pale ʻia.
He mea koʻikoʻi ka huaʻōlelo "iʻa" i ko mākou ola i kēlā me kēia lā. I loko o ka biology, ʻaʻohe hui like me kēia inoa. Aia kekahi papa o nā iʻa cartilaginous, e like me ka manō. He mau iʻa iwi nō hoʻi e like me ka puhi, ke kaʻa, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole lākou i hana i papa, akā he pūʻulu. ʻAʻohe inoa hui no nā iʻa cartilaginous a me nā iʻa iwi hui pū. Hoʻokumu lākou i kahi subphylum o nā vertebrates. He paʻakikī loa ka wehewehe ʻana i kēia.
Pehea ke ola o ka i'a?
ʻAʻohe wela kūikawā iʻa. Mehana mau kona kino e like me ka wai a puni ona. No kahi mahana kino kūikawā, e lawe nui i ka ikehu i loko o ka wai.
Lana ka iʻa i loko o ka wai a neʻe mālie wale. No laila, hāʻawi ʻia ko lākou mau ʻiʻo me kahi koko liʻiliʻi, ʻo ia ke kumu keʻokeʻo. Aia ma waena wale nō he mau kaula hoʻolako koko ikaika. He ʻulaʻula lākou. Pono ka iʻa i kēia mau ʻāpana ʻiʻo no ka hoʻoikaika pōkole, no ka laʻana i ka wā e hoʻouka ai a i ka wā e holo ai.
Hoʻohua ka hapa nui o nā iʻa ma nā hua. Ua kapaia keia mau roe oiai lakou e noho ana iloko o ka opu o ka makuahine. Ma waho o nā kino ʻelua i loko o ka wai ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ke kāne. ʻO ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o nā hua i kapa ʻia ʻo "spawning", a laila ʻo nā hua ka spawn. Haʻalele wale kekahi iʻa i kā lākou mau hua e moe ana, a ʻo kekahi e kau i kā lākou mau hua i ka pōhaku a meakanu paha a ʻauʻau aku. Akā naʻe, mālama nui kekahi i kā lākou mau keiki.
He kakaikahi no na i'a e hanau opiopio ola. Ma waho aʻe o nā manō a me nā kukuna, loaʻa pū kekahi i kekahi mau ʻano i kamaʻāina maoli mākou mai ka aquarium. Pono kēia mau iʻa i ka moe kino i hiki ke hoʻomomona ʻia nā hua i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka makuahine.
He aha nā kino kūikawā o ka iʻa?
ʻAneʻane like ka ʻai ʻana i ka iʻa me nā mea momona. He mau kino like no keia. ʻElua puʻupaʻa hoʻi e hoʻokaʻawale i ka mimi mai ke koko. ʻO ka puka o ke kino hui no ka feces a me ka mimi i kapa ʻia ʻo "cloaca". Hoʻomoe ka wahine i kāna mau hua ma kēia puka. He liʻiliʻi wale nō nā ʻano me kahi puka kūikawā no nā holoholona ʻōpio ola, no ka laʻana me ka carp kūikawā.
Hanu ka iʻa ma nā gills. ʻOmo lākou i ka wai a kānana i ka oxygen. Hoʻihoʻi lākou i ka wai me ka carbon dioxide i ko lākou puni.
ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ke kahe koko i loko o nā iʻa ma mua o nā mammals.
He puʻuwai a he koko ka iʻa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o nā mea ʻelua i nā mammals a me nā manu: ʻo ka puʻuwai e pā mua i ke koko ma nā gills. Mai laila e kahe pololei ana i nā ʻiʻo a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe a hoʻi i ka puʻuwai. No laila, hoʻokahi wale nō kaapuni, ʻaʻole pālua e like me nā mammals. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka puʻuwai ponoʻī.
Hiki i ka hapa nui o nā iʻa ke ʻike a ʻono e like me nā mammals. ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou ke honi no ka mea ʻaʻole pili lākou i ka ea.
ʻO kēia ke ʻano o ka ʻauʻau ʻauʻau.
He mea nui ka ʻauʻau ʻauʻau i ka iʻa. Aia i loko o nā iʻa iwi wale nō. Hiki i ka ʻauʻau ʻauʻau ke hoʻopiha a hoʻokaʻawale paha. He māmā a kaumaha paha ka iʻa i loko o ka wai. Hiki iā ia ke "lele" me ka mana ʻole. Hiki iā ia ke moe ma ka ʻaoʻao i loko o ka wai a pale iā ia mai ka lele ʻana i mua a i hope paha.
He mea kūikawā hoʻi nā ʻāpana laina ʻaoʻao. He mau ʻano manaʻo kūikawā lākou. Holo lākou ma luna o ke poʻo a hiki i ka huelo. ʻO kēia ka mea e ʻike ai ka iʻa i ke kahe o ka wai. Hoʻomaopopo pū ʻo ia i ka hele ʻana mai o kekahi iʻa.