Introduction: Nā Kumu Nutrition Equine

E like me nā kānaka, pono nā lio i ka meaʻai kaulike e mālama i ke olakino maikaʻi a me ka hana. ʻO ka ʻepekema o ka meaʻai equine e pili ana i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā lio me nā meaʻai e pono ai lākou e ulu ai, e like me nā proteins, carbohydrates, momona, vitamina, a me nā minela. Pono ke kaulike o ka ai a ka lio i mea e loaa ai ia lakou ka nui kupono o kela a me keia mea ai, ma ka huina kupono.

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻai a ka lio i ʻelua mau ʻano nui: forage (hay and pasture) a me ka concentrate (grains). He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi ka ʻai o ka lio, ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka fiber a me nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe e pono ai ke ola kino. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā concentrates e hoʻohui i ka forage a hiki ke kōkua i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka ikehu hou a me nā meaʻai e pono ai no nā lio i ka hana koʻikoʻi a i ʻole nā ​​​​pono meaʻai kikoʻī. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke kuleana o ka forage a me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka meaʻai equine ke kī i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā lio me nā meaʻai e pono ai lākou e noho olakino a hana i kā lākou maikaʻi loa.

Ka hoomaopopo ana i na mea e pono ai no na Lio

No ka hāʻawiʻana i nā meaʻai kūpono i nā lio, pono e hoʻomaopopo i kā lākou mau meaʻai. Pono nā lio i ʻeono mau ʻano meaʻai: ka wai, nā ʻakika, nā protein, nā momona, nā huaora, a me nā minela. ʻO ka nui o kēlā me kēia meaʻai e koi ai ka lio ma muli o ko lākou mau makahiki, ke kaumaha, a me ka pae hana.

No ka laʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka protein a me nā minela i ka lio e ulu ana ma mua o ka lio makua, aʻo ka lio hoʻokō e koi i ka ikehu hou aʻe (nā kalapona a me nā momona) e hoʻoulu i kā lākou hana. He mea nui ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā pono meaʻai no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka meaʻai kaulike e kūpono i nā pono kikoʻī o ka lio.

ʻO ke kuleana o ka meaʻai i ka equine Nutrition

He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi ka ʻai o ka lio, ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka fiber a me nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe e pono ai ke ola kino. He mau mea hānai maoli nā lio, a ulu lākou i ka ʻai o ka mauʻu a me ka ʻai. Pono ka forage i ka hapa nui o ka meaʻai a ka lio, me nā concentrates i hoʻohana ʻia no ke kākoʻo ʻana i kā lākou meaʻai.

Hāʻawi ka Forage i nā lio me nā meaʻai pono e like me ka fiber, protein, a me nā minela, a me ke kōkua ʻana i ka mālama ʻana i ka hana hoʻoheheʻe maikaʻi. Pono e hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka mauʻu a me ka ʻai maikaʻi loa mai ka lepo, ka lepo, a me nā mea haumia ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hōʻeha i ke olakino o ka lio.

ʻO ka hānai ʻana a me ke olakino Lio

Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā concentrates e hoʻohui i ka forage a hiki ke kōkua i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka ikehu hou a me nā meaʻai e pono ai no nā lio i ka hana koʻikoʻi a i ʻole nā ​​​​pono meaʻai kikoʻī. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻai nui ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia olakino e like me ka colic, laminitis, a me ka momona.

He mea nui ka hānai ʻana i nā mea ʻai me ka haʻahaʻa a koho i nā meaʻai kiʻekiʻe a kaulike e kūpono i nā pono meaʻai kūikawā o ka lio. Pono e hana ʻia ka ʻai ʻana ma ke kūkākūkā ʻana me ke kauka lapaʻau a i ʻole ka meaʻai meaʻai equine e pale aku i ka hānai ʻana a hōʻoia i ke olakino maikaʻi loa a me ka hana.

ʻO ke koʻikoʻi o ka protein i ka hānai lio

He meaʻai koʻikoʻi ka protein no nā lio, e hāʻawi ana i nā poloka kūkulu no ka ulu ʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o ka ʻiʻo a me ka ʻiʻo. Pono nā lio i ka nui o ka protein i kā lākou meaʻai e mālama i ke olakino maikaʻi a me ka hana.

Pono nā ʻano lio like ʻole i nā pae like ʻole o ka protein i kā lākou ʻai. ʻO nā lio ulu, nā bipi wahine hāpai, a me nā lio hana e pono ai ke kiʻekiʻe o ka protein ma mua o nā lio makua a i ʻole nā ​​lio i ka wā hoʻomaha. He mea nui e koho i nā kumu pūmua kiʻekiʻe, e like me ka ʻai soya a i ʻole alfalfa, e hōʻoia i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā lio i ka nui a me ke ʻano o ka protein i kā lākou meaʻai.

ʻO Carbohydrates i nā Equine Diets: ʻO ka maikaʻi a me ka hewa

ʻO nā kalapona kahi kumu nui o ka ikehu no nā lio, e hāʻawi ana i ka wahie e pono ai lākou e hana i ka hana kino. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole i hana like ʻia nā ʻakika a pau, a ʻo ke ʻano o ka waiʻaleʻa i ʻai ʻia e ka lio e hiki ke hoʻoikaika nui i ko lākou olakino a me ka hana.

Hiki ke hoʻonui i ka nui o ke kō i ke koko a alakaʻi i nā pilikia olakino e like me ka laminitis a me ka momona. ʻO nā waiʻaleʻa paʻakikī, e like me nā mea i loaʻa i nā meaʻai fiber kiʻekiʻe, ua wāwahi ʻia me ka mālie a hāʻawi i kahi kumu paʻa o ka ikehu. He mea nui e koho i nā meaʻai i kiʻekiʻe i loko o nā waiʻaleʻa paʻakikī a haʻahaʻa i loko o nā kaʻaleʻa maʻalahi e hōʻoia i ke olakino maikaʻi loa a me ka hana.

ʻO nā huaora a me nā minerala i ka hānai lio

ʻO nā huaora a me nā minela nā meaʻai pono e pono ai nā lio i nā mea liʻiliʻi e mālama i ke olakino maikaʻi a me ka hana. Pono nā lio i ke koena kikoʻī o nā huaora a me nā minela, a ʻo nā hemahema a i ʻole ka nui e hiki ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia olakino.

No ka laʻana, hiki i ka hemahema o ka huaora E ke alakaʻi i ka pōʻino o ka ʻiʻo a me ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka hana kino, ʻoiai ka nui o ka calcium hiki ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia skeletal. He mea nui e koho i nā meaʻai i kaulike i nā huaora a me nā minela a e kūkākūkā me ke kauka holoholona a i ʻole ka mea ʻai meaʻai equine e hōʻoia i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā lio i ka nui kūpono o kēlā me kēia meaʻai.

ʻO ke kuleana o ka wai i ka meaʻai equine

He mea waiwai nui ka wai no nā lio, a he mea nui ka loaʻa ʻana o ka wai maʻemaʻe i ko lākou olakino a me ka hana. Pono nā lio ma waena o 5-10 galani wai i kēlā me kēia lā, ma muli o ko lākou nui a me ka pae hana.

Hiki i ka wai maloʻo ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia olakino e like me ka colic a keakea i ka hana. He mea nui e hoʻolako i nā lio i ka wai maʻemaʻe a me ka wai hou i nā manawa a pau a nānā i kā lākou inu wai e hōʻoia i ka wai kūpono.

ʻO ka ʻepekema o ka ʻai ʻana i nā Lio

Loaʻa i nā lio kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe kūʻokoʻa i hoʻolālā ʻia e wāwahi a lawe i nā meaʻai mai nā mea kanu fibrous. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka ʻepekema o ka ʻai ʻana i nā lio he mea nui ia i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi meaʻai kaulike e kūpono i kā lākou mau meaʻai.

Loaʻa i nā lio kahi ʻōnaehana fermentation hindgut e hiki ai iā lākou ke unuhi i nā meaʻai mai nā meaʻai momona e like me ka mauʻu a me ka ʻai. Eia naʻe, paʻakikī kēia ʻōnaehana i nā loli i ka meaʻai a hiki ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia olakino e like me ka colic a me ka maʻi maʻi inā ʻaʻole mālama pono ʻia. Pono e hoʻokomo mālie i nā meaʻai hou a nānā i ke olakino o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka lio e hōʻoia i ka hana maikaʻi loa.

Nā Manaʻo Meaʻai no nā Lio Hana

Loaʻa i nā lio hana nā pono meaʻai kūʻokoʻa, e koi ana i ka ikehu, protein, a me nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe e hoʻoulu i kā lākou hana. He mea nui ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia mau pono meaʻai no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi meaʻai e kākoʻo ana i ke olakino maikaʻi loa a me ka hana.

Pono paha nā lio hana i nā meaʻai kūikawā i kiʻekiʻe i ka ikehu a me ka protein, a me nā mea hoʻohui e like me nā electrolytes e pani ai i nā minela i nalowale i ka wā hoʻoikaika kaumaha. He mea nui e kukakuka me ke kauka holoholona a i ole equine meaʻai meaʻai e hoʻomohala i ka meaʻai e kūpono ana i nā pono kiko'ī o ka lio hana.

Hanai Lio ma na Kau Ola like ole

Loaʻa i nā lio nā pono meaʻai like ʻole i nā wā like ʻole o ko lākou ola. No ka laʻana, makemake ka lio e ulu ana i ka protein a me nā minela ʻoi aku ma mua o ka lio makua, aʻo ka lio ʻelemakule e koi aku i nā meaʻai kūikawā e kākoʻo i kā lākou ʻōnaehana digestive.

He mea nui ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā pono meaʻai o nā lio ma nā pae ola like ʻole a hoʻoponopono i kā lākou meaʻai e like me ia. Hiki i ke kūkākūkā me ke kauka lapaʻau a i ʻole ka meaʻai meaʻai equine ke kōkua i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā meaʻai kūpono i nā lio i kēlā me kēia manawa o ko lākou ola.

Nā mea hoʻohui ʻai maʻamau a me nā mea hoʻohui no nā Lio

Aia nā ʻano meaʻai meaʻai a me nā mea hoʻohui i loaʻa no nā lio e hiki ke kōkua i ke kākoʻo ʻana i ko lākou olakino a me ka hana. Hoʻopili kēia i nā electrolytes e hoʻololi i nā minela i nalowale i ka wā hoʻoikaika kino, nā probiotics e kākoʻo i ke olakino digestive, a me nā mea hoʻohui hui e kākoʻo i ka neʻe.

He mea nui e koho i nā mea hoʻohui kiʻekiʻe a me nā mea hoʻohui hānai kūpono i nā pono kikoʻī o ka lio. Hiki i ke kūkākūkā me ke kauka lapaʻau a i ʻole ka meaʻai meaʻai equine ke kōkua i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā lio i nā mea hoʻohui kūpono e kākoʻo i ko lākou olakino a me ka hana.