ʻO ke kuʻi ʻana i nā ʻīlio a me nā pōpoki: He aha ia ma hope?

Hiki ke hoʻoulu ʻia ka cough reflex e nā mea ʻē aʻe a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea huna i loko o nā alaloa, ʻeha, a i ʻole ke kaomi ʻana i nā alaloa; Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka ʻū ʻana ke hana manawaleʻa. ʻO ka ʻū ʻana he mea pale maoli a hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia no ka ʻōpū hanu.

No ka mea e pono ke kuhikuhi ʻia ka lāʻau cough i ka maʻi i lalo i ka hiki loa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana diagnostic, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia maʻi.

ka kumu nui loa of he mau ma'i ka ma'i o ka hanu hanu, maanei e hiki ke hookaa ma waena o ka hanu o luna a me lalo. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hui pū ʻia ka maʻi puʻuwai me ka ʻū a me nā maʻi o ka lua pleural, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā ʻīlio. Ke noiʻi ʻana i ke kumu, hiki i nā mea e like me ka makahiki a me ka lāhui o ka mea maʻi, ka mōʻaukala, a me ka hoʻokolohua lapaʻau hiki ke hāʻawi i ke kōkua koʻikoʻi ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā diagnostics hou. Hiki ke kōkua i ka hōʻike ʻana i nā hihi X-ray, endoscopy, CT, histological, cytological, a me microbiological.

Hōʻike pinepine ʻia nā holoholona ʻōpio me nā maʻi ʻeha (ka pipi anu, ka tracheobronchitis infectious canine, ka maʻi Bordetella, distemper), ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka maʻi o ka naʻau a me ka maʻi maʻi i nā maʻi ʻelemakule.

Hoʻomaka mua ʻia kekahi mau ʻano i kekahi mau maʻi, e like me ka maʻi puʻuwai i nā ʻano like me ka Persian, Boxer, Doberman Pinscher, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui, a i ʻole ka hāʻule ʻana o ka tracheal i nā ʻano liʻiliʻi e like me Yorkshire Terriers, Pomeranians, a me Chihuahuas.

Eia ka mea nui ma hope ka hōʻike o ka lāʻau lapaʻau mua (ka pipi anu, distemper, tracheobronchitis pathogens), hoike mua ma waho (heartworms), manuahi manuahi i nā pōpoki (lungworms, trauma), a ʻoiaʻiʻo hoʻi nā hōʻailona (ʻano, lōʻihi, nā lāʻau lapaʻau mua a me ka hiki ke pane ʻia i nā lāʻau lapaʻau mua, hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka ihu, sneezing, hana maikaʻi ʻole, pōkole o ka hanu, ʻike mua ʻia / nā maʻi like ʻole a me nā diagnostics mua). ʻO nā mea i loaʻa i kēia manawa (laboratory, X-ray, cardiac ultrasound) pono e lawe ʻia e ka mea nona i ke koho inā hiki.

Ke nīnau noiʻi

Pono e hoʻokomo i ka hoʻokolohua lapaʻau, ma waho aʻe o kahi hoʻokolokolo ākea o ka mea maʻi, a hoʻokolokolo hoʻopololei kūikawā o ka hanu hanu. Ma waho aʻe o ka loiloi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka hanu ʻana a me nā hōʻailona paha o ka pōkole o ka hanu, pono nō hoʻi e hoʻolohe i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka ihu. I ka wā e hoʻolohe ai i ka mea maʻi, pono e hoʻolohe ʻia nā ala o luna (larynx/pharynx area) a me nā māmā a me ka puʻuwai e nānā i nā hōʻailona o ka hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia (nā leo whistling), hoʻonui ʻia nā leo hanu ma o ka bronchi a me nā māmā a i ʻole nā ​​​​leo naʻau/arrhythmias ( hiki ke hōʻailona o ka pilikia puʻuwai ) aia. I nā manawa he nui, hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka maʻi maʻi ma kahi o ka larynx a trachea paha.

Hiki i nā ʻīlio a me nā pōpoki me nā maʻi maʻi maʻi, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā maʻi hanu viral a me nā maʻi bacterial, hiki ke hōʻike i ke kino ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wela o ke kino, akā ʻaʻole ʻae ka wela maʻamau a i ʻole hypothermia i kahi maʻi kumu.

ʻO nā maʻi me ʻūhā ʻūhā hōʻike maʻamau ka pōkole o ka hanu ʻo ia ka hōʻailona nui. Ma muli o ka nui o ka effusion, hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ke kani ʻana o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai a me nā kani hanu ma ke auscultation.

Ma ka ʻōpū hanu o luna, hiki ke hoʻoulu ʻia ka ʻū ʻana ma muli o ka maʻi ʻeha, infectious, tumorous, a i ʻole nā ​​​​hoʻololi hana ma kahi o ka nasopharynx, larynx, x, a me ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ka trachea. Hōʻike pinepine kēia mau maʻi i kahi leo hanu i luna ma muli o ka constriction. Hiki ke hoʻoulu pinepine ʻia ka ʻuhū ma muli o ke kaomi iki ʻana i ka larynx a i ʻole trachea.

Hiki ke hoʻoulu ʻia nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻāʻī e ke kino ʻē a i ʻole kahi maʻi ʻeha (ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi, tracheobronchitis infectious canine = kennel cough). I ka hihia o nā pilikia maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻīlio liʻiliʻi (Yorkshire Terrier, Spitz, Chihuahua), pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia kahi tracheal collapse. Hiki nō hoʻi i ka Rhinitis ke hoʻoulu i ka ʻū ma muli o nā mea huna e holo i hope. ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa diagnostic o kahi ʻu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka ʻōpū hanu luna e loaʻa i nā hoʻokolohua X-ray o ka puʻu a me ka larynx no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hōʻike o ka haiki, ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻiʻo palupalu, a i ʻole ka hāʻule ʻana o nā awāwa ea. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa hou aʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi, e hoʻohana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka endoscopy o ka nasopharynx, larynx a, a me ka trachea, me nā laʻana Biopsy a i ʻole cytological smears o nā loli. ʻIke ʻia ka hana o ka larynx ma mua o ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana i loko o ka lolo e hōʻike ana i ka hana i kaupalena ʻia (larynx paralysis). ʻO ka tracheoscopy ka hōʻailona koho no ka ʻike ʻana a me ka loiloi (degere a me ka laulā) i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka tracheal (e nānā i ke Kiʻi 1 ma ke kiʻi kiʻi).

ʻO nā maʻi i loko o ka bronchi, alveoli, a me ka ʻiʻo māmā ke kumu maʻamau o ka ʻū. Ma keʻano laulā, hiki ke ʻike pinepine ʻia nā maʻi o nā ala nui (e like me ka tracheal collapse, bronchitis, bronchial collapse) ke alakaʻi i ka ʻū nui a maloʻo, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka nui o nā maʻi o ka alveoli a me Lung parenchyma (eg pneumonia, pulmonary edema) e hui pū ʻia me ka ʻuʻu palupalu a pulu. ʻO ka leo stridor ma kahi o nā paipu bronchial e ulu pinepine i nā pōpoki me nā maʻi bronchial maʻi (feline asthma, bronchitis).

I kekahi manawa aia nā kino ʻē i loko o ka ʻōpū hanu haʻahaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi maʻi mau (ka hapa nui o ka bacteria: e laʻa i ka maʻi Bordetella). Hoʻemi pinepine ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻa o ka māmā.

ʻOiai ʻo ka poʻe maʻi me ka tracheal collapse maʻamau no nā ʻano ʻīlio pāʻani, ʻo ka hāʻule ʻana o hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha nā pūnaewele i ka lāʻau bronchial he mea maʻamau nō hoʻi i nā ʻano ʻīlio nui. Ma kahi o 80% o nā ʻīlio me ka tracheal collapse i loaʻa i ka bronchial collapse, hiki ke hōʻeha nui i nā hōʻailona o ka ʻū. Hiki ke ʻike maikaʻi ʻia ka hāʻule ʻana o ka trachea a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻāpana bronchial hoʻokahi i ka endoscopically.

Bronchitis maʻi loaʻa ka hapa nui i nā ʻīlio waena a ʻelemakule. Hōʻike ʻia ka maʻi e ka mumū mau o ka bronchi, kahi e alakaʻi ai i ka hana ʻana o ka mucus. Hōʻike nā ʻīlio i ka ʻū a me ka hana maikaʻi ʻole. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ke kumu.

Nā kumu lele ʻO ka ʻīlio i loko o nā ʻīlio a me nā pōpoki hiki ke lilo i mau maʻi (nā pōpoki: herpes a me caliciviruses; nā ʻīlio: kennel cough complex, distemper), bacteria ( bordetella bronchiseptica, Streptococcus zooepidemicus a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi maʻi bacterial ʻē aʻe), nā parasites (nā ʻīlio: ʻO Angiostrongylus vasorum, Filaroides osleri, ʻO Crenosoma vulpis, popoki: Aelurostrongylus abstrusus ) a kakaʻikahi wale nā ​​maʻi me nā haʻi a i ʻole protozoa ( Nānā i ka toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum) lilo. ʻOiai ʻo nā maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi o ka ʻōpū hanu e hoʻoulu pinepine i nā hōʻailona o ka ʻū, hiki ke hui pū ʻia nā maʻi bacterial a me nā maʻi parasitic me ka maʻi maʻi mau.

I kekahi mau hihia, ka Hiki i ke keʻena hana ke hāʻawi i ka ʻike e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi lalo. I nā poʻe maʻi me ka bronchopneumonia bacteria, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia nā neutrophilic granulocytes a me ka rod-nuclear neutrophils (left shift). Hiki i nā ʻīlio me ka bronchopneumonia ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka C-reactive protein (CPR). I nā pōpoki me ka hānō feline, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia nā granulocytes eosinophilic i ka helu koko, a me nā mea maʻi me nā maʻi maʻi maʻi.

I nā ʻīlio a me nā pōpoki manuahi, pono e hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka maʻi lungworm inā loaʻa nā hōʻailona hanu maʻi a me ka ʻū. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ma ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻōpala lungworm i hoʻokuʻu ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ala Baermann e neʻe ai i loko o nā laʻana fecal a i ʻole ma ka ʻike cytological o nā larvae i loko o ka wai BAL (e nānā i ke Kiʻi 2 ma ke kiʻi kiʻi). Inā hiki, pono e nānā ʻia ʻekolu mau ʻano ʻokoʻa. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻike ʻana i ka ʻīlio lungworm Angiostrongylus vasorum me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pathogen detection (PCR) mai ka wai BAL a i ʻole ke koko. Aia kekahi ho'āʻo wikiwiki no ka ʻike ʻana mai ka serum.

X-ray o ka puʻuwai/māmā a, inā pono, ka trachea kōkua e hoʻokaʻawale a hoʻonohonoho maikaʻi i kahi pilikia hanu. Inā ʻae ke kūlana o ka mea maʻi, pono e hana ʻia i ʻekolu mokulele, a i ʻole ma ka liʻiliʻi ma ʻelua mokulele (anterolateral a ventrodorsal a i ʻole dorsoventral). Ma kēia ʻano, hiki ke loaʻa nā hōʻailona o nā maʻi i lalo (e laʻa i ka maʻi bronchial i manaʻo ʻia me nā hōʻailona bronchial lung, i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka maʻi maʻi maʻi me nā hōʻailona alveolar; e ʻike i ke Kiʻi 3 ma ke kiʻi kiʻi). Loaʻa paha nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi puʻuwai (hoʻonui ʻia ke aka o ka puʻuwai, nā moku pulmonary congested) a i ʻole ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka ʻōpū. Inā loaʻa kahi kānalua o ka pilikia ma nā ala ea (ka hāʻule o ke ea, bronchitis, nā kino haole, bronchopneumonia), kahi hoʻokolokolo endoscopic o ka hanu o luna a me lalo hana ʻia ma lalo o ka anesthesia. ʻOiaʻiʻo, pono e hana ʻia kēia hoʻokolohua ma nā mea maʻi paʻa, pono e nānā ʻia i ka wā o ka anesthesia me ka pulse oximetry a, inā hiki, me ka ECG a me ka capnography. ʻO ka bronchoscopy me kahi endoscope maʻalahi (nā hiʻohiʻona kūikawā i loaʻa no nā ʻīlio nui a i ʻole nā ​​pōpoki a me nā ʻīlio liʻiliʻi) hiki nō hoʻi i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā mea huna bronchoalveolar me ka hoʻohana ʻana. bronchoalveolar lavage(BAL). Hiki ke hana 'ia 'o BAL "makapo" me ka ho'ā'o ma'ema'e ma o ka paipu sterile (e nānā i ke Ki'i 4 ma ka hale ki'i). Hoʻokomo ʻia kekahi mau milliliters o ka wai paʻakai sterile i loko o ka ʻōpū hanu haʻahaʻa ma o ka ʻimi ʻana a laila hoʻokuʻu hou ʻia. Pono e nānā ʻia ka wai BAL ma ke ʻano cytological a me ka moʻomeheu no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa hou ʻana i nā maʻi infectious a inflammatory underlying.

ʻO nā maʻi maʻi māmā mua i nā ʻīlio a me nā pōpoki he kumu maʻamau ia o ka ʻu ʻana, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā maʻi he metastases mai nā wahi ʻē aʻe. 'O ka ma'i ma'i ma'amau ma'amau i nā 'īlio a me nā pōpoki he ma'i ma'i (e nānā i ke ki'i 5 ma ke ki'i ki'i). Inā loaʻa nā hōʻike lekiō o ka maʻi ʻōpū, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka tomography i hoʻopaʻa ʻia no ka loiloi pololei ʻana i kahi nui a nānā i nā metastases a me ke komo ʻana o ka lymph node. Ma ka radiologically, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā metastases tumor mai ka nui o 3-5 mm.

ʻO ka nīnau maʻamau i nā ʻīlio ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka puʻuwai a me ka ʻōpū hanu. ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kumu, ʻoiai he nui nā maʻi kahiko i ʻōhumu puʻuwai a me kahi maʻi hanu mau i ka manawa like. ʻO nā kumu maʻamau maʻamau e alakaʻi ai i ka ʻuʻu i nā ʻīlio he mau maʻi e alakaʻi ai i ka pau ʻole o ka naʻau a ma hope o ka edema pulmonary a i ʻole ke kaomi ʻana i ka bronchus nui hema ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka puʻuwai hema. Inā loaʻa ka edema pulmonary, ʻo ka pōkole o ka hanu ka mea maʻamau i ka hōʻailona lapaʻau nui i ka mea maʻi.

No ka hiki ke hana i kahi maʻi maʻi i manaʻo ʻia me ka maʻi puʻuwai, akā naʻe, e hoʻāʻo hou e like me nā kukui X, puʻuwai ultrasound, a Pono ka ECG. ʻO ka hoʻokolohua ECG e hoʻokaʻawale pololei i nā arrhythmias. Hiki i nā kiʻi X-ray ke nānā pono i ka nui o ka puʻuwai (e like me ke kumumanaʻo o ka VHS = Vertebral Heart Score), nā moku pulmonary, a me nā ʻano māmā. Hiki i ka ultrasound cardiac ke hoʻoholo pololei i ka nui o ke keʻena a me ka loiloi ʻana i nā hana o ka valve a hiki iā ia ke ʻae i kahi hōʻoia pololei o ka maʻi puʻuwai a me ka nui o ka nui o ka puʻuwai. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā mea biomarkers e like me ka nt-proBNP ke kōkua i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana ma waena o ka puʻuwai a me ke kumu hanu no ka ʻu a me ka dyspnea (pōkole o ka hanu).

ʻO nā kaʻina hana nui a i ʻole ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i loko o ka ʻāʻī hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka ʻu. Hiki i kēia mau maʻi koko, granulomas, abscesses, hoʻonui ʻia o nā lymph nodes, a i ʻole hernias diaphragmatic. ʻO ka maʻi maʻi, hōʻike pinepine ka poʻe maʻi me ka effusion i ka pōkole o ka hanu ma mua o ka ʻū. ʻO ka radiologically, hiki ke loaʻa kahi ʻike o ka nui a me ke ʻano hoʻohele o nā loli (unilateral a bilateral effusion, wahi, ka nui o ka nui, etc.); Hiki i ka computed tomography ke loiloi pololei loa i nā loli i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā x-ray. Eia kekahi, hiki i kahi ultrasound ke hoʻohui pono i ka wehewehe. Hiki ke ʻike pinepine ʻia ka piʻi ʻana o ka pōʻai nui a-inā pili lākou i ka paia o ka umauma-hiki ke ʻoki ʻia no ka hoʻokolokolo cytological. Hiki ke ʻike maikaʻi ʻia nā hōʻiliʻili liʻiliʻi o ka effusion me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ultrasound. Ma hope o ka puncture o ka effusion, pono e hana ma lalo o ka ultrasound mana, he cytological, kemika a, ina pono, bacteriological ana o ka wai e hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale hou aku.

ʻO nā pilikia maʻamau ʻē aʻe e alakaʻi ai i ka ʻū ʻana, ʻo ia nā maʻi o ka ʻiʻo māmā interstitial e like me ka pulmonary fibrosis (ʻoi aku ma West Highland White Terriers). Hiki ke hoʻopili pū ʻia ka ʻāʻī ʻana o ka pulmonary lobe, ka hemorrhage pulmonary, a me ka thromboembolism me ka ʻuʻu a me ka pōkole o ka hanu.

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi ʻaʻa e pili ana i ke kumu kumu.

ʻO nā maʻi maʻi maʻi o ka ʻōpū hanu (kennel cough) e hoʻopau iā ia iho i nā ʻīlio a maʻamau ʻaʻole koi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau inā ʻaʻohe kuni a me ke olakino ākea. Inā hōʻike nā holoholona i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi bacteria (ke kuni, ka leukocytosis, ka maʻi maʻamau i hōʻemi ʻia, nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi maʻi i ka X-ray), pono e hoʻokomo i ka lāʻau i kahi lāʻau antibiotic kūpono me nā mea kākoʻo maʻamau e like me ka expectorants a me ka inhalation. I nā hihia maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻokele ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic e hoʻokumu ʻia i nā hopena o ka moʻomeheu a me nā hoʻokolohua kūʻē mai kahi BAL.

Pono e mālama ʻia nā lungworms me kahi lāʻau antiparasitic kūpono i ʻae ʻia no ka ʻano. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ua ʻōlelo ʻia kahi hōʻiliʻili hou o 3 mau lā o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kaʻina hana e hōʻoia i ka holomua o ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka prophylaxis maʻamau e pale ai i nā maʻi hou aʻe.

I ka hihia o nā maʻi o ka ʻōpū hanu, pono e kākoʻo ʻia ka cough reflex ma ke ʻano he hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe ponoʻī. ʻAʻole pono e hāʻawi ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻopau ai i ka maʻi maʻi, a ʻaʻole pono e loaʻa i kekahi hoʻomākaukau cortisone ka hopena immunosuppressive.

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā ʻīlio me nā ala ea hāʻule maʻamau he mau ʻāpana. I nā manawa he nui, hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hoʻemi ʻia ka manaʻo ikaika i ka ʻū ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hoʻomākaukau codeine. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā lāʻau bronchodilator e like me theophylline, propentophylline, terbutaline, a i ʻole salbutamol inhalation) hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi. I nā holoholona me ka hāʻule ʻana o ka tracheal koʻikoʻi, hiki ke kau ʻia kahi stent (kākoʻo metala coil) i loko o ka trachea.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ke koho no ka bronchitis mau loa (nā ʻīlio a me nā pōpoki) a me ka hānō puaʻa ʻo ia ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā hoʻomākaukau cortisone. Ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau mua, pono e hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau cortisone systemic i ka haʻahaʻa e like me ka hiki, a inā hiki, e hoʻololi ʻia i kahi pulu cortisone (eg fluticasone, budesonide) i ka wā lōʻihi. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā keʻena inhalation kūikawā no ka lawelawe ʻana i ka ʻōpala. Eia kekahi, pono paha kekahi mau holoholona i ka lāʻau bronchodilator e hōʻemi i nā hōʻailona.

He kakaikahi ka neoplasms o ka larynx a me ka trachea i nā ʻīlio a me nā pōpoki, ʻoiai ʻaʻole maʻamau ka maʻi maʻi mua. ʻO ka wehe ʻana i kahi lobe o ka māmā he mea kūpono wale nō inā ʻaʻohe lobes a i ʻole lymph nodes ʻē aʻe i hoʻopilikia ʻia a ʻaʻohe hoʻoheheʻe thoracic, no laila e hana mau ʻia kahi CT scan ma mua o ka hana. Hiki ke kōkua ke kemoterapi me nā lymphoma i kekahi manawa o ka trachea a i ʻole nā ​​māmā, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā pōpoki.

Maʻaneʻi, pili ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka maʻi maʻi puʻuwai. ʻO nā diuretics (nā papa wai e like me furosemide, a me torasemide) he ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau no nā mea maʻi āpau e hōʻike ana i nā hōʻailona o ka nui o ka nui a i ʻole ka edema pulmonary. Hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau cardiac hou (ACE inhibitors, pimobendan, antiarrhythmics) ma muli o ke ʻano o ka maʻi kumu. I kekahi poʻe maʻi me ka ʻāʻī e hoʻomau ana i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana a me ka hoʻopiʻi ʻia ʻana o ka bronchi ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka puʻuwai, hiki ke hōʻike ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau me ka hoʻomākaukau codeine e hoʻopau i ka makemake e ʻu.

I nā poʻe maʻi me ka umauma effusion, pono e hoʻokahe ʻia kēia no nā kumu diagnostic a me ka therapeutic. ʻO nā ʻanuʻu therapeutic hou aʻe e pili ana i ke kumu o ka effusion.

Ma ka hoʻokolohua lapaʻau, hōʻike pinepine ʻia nā ʻīlio me ka puʻuwai puʻuwai me ka piʻi ʻana o ka puʻuwai, ʻoiai ʻo nā ʻīlio me ka ʻōpū hanu e hōʻike pinepine ʻia me ka puʻuwai maʻamau a lohi paha ma muli o ka piʻi ʻana o ke kani o ke aʻalolo vagus. Eia kekahi, hōʻike pinepine nā ʻīlio me nā maʻi hanu i kahi arrhythmia sinus (arrhythmia pili i ka hanu).

I loko o nā pōpoki, hōʻike pinepine ʻia ka maʻi maʻi maʻi i kahi maʻi bronchial, i nā manawa he nui, aia nā maʻi maʻi e like me ka feline asthma a me ka bronchitis mau. ʻO kēia nā maʻi maʻi maʻemaʻe me ke komo ʻole o ka pathogen; hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā granulocytes eosinophilic a i ʻole neutrophilic ma nā alaloa haʻahaʻa. Hiki ke ho'oka'awale 'ia ka ma'i ma'i ma'i a i 'ole ka ma'i ma'i ma'i ma ka nānā 'ana i nā mea ho'ohehe'e (bronchoalveolar lavage) mai nā ala ea ha'aha'a.

I ka hapa nui o nā holoholona me nā pilikia hanu maʻi, ʻo ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā mea concomitant ke kuleana nui. ʻO ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka momona a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā maʻi ʻē aʻe (maʻi puʻuwai, maʻi Cushing, maʻi thyroid) a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i kahi harness ma kahi o ke kola o nā ʻīlio e hōʻike ana i nā manawa he nui i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā hōʻailona hanu.

Nā nīnau i nīnau pinepineʻia

He aha ke ʻano o ka ʻuʻu puʻuwai i nā ʻīlio?

ʻAʻohe nui ʻo ia i ke ahiahi ke hoʻomaha? - ʻo kahi hōʻailona maʻamau akā ʻike ʻole ʻia ʻo ia ka ʻuʻu puʻuwai. Hōʻike pinepine ka ʻīlio i ka ʻū ʻana me ka leo nui i hui pū ʻia me ke ʻano ʻakaʻaka me he mea lā e makemake ʻo ia e kuha i kekahi mea.

He aha ke ʻano o ka ʻīlio a ʻaʻa ʻia?

Inā ʻaʻo pinepine ka ʻīlio a ʻaʻa, pono e nānā ʻia e ke kauka holoholona. Pono e nānā ʻia ka lua waha, nā ala ea, a me ka esophagus no ka ʻike ʻana i nā kino haole, ʻāʻā, a i ʻole ka maʻi. Hoʻoholo ke kauka lapaʻau i ka ʻōnaehana okana i hoʻopilikia ʻia a hoʻomaka i nā diagnostics hou aʻe.

Pehea wau e ʻike ai i ka maʻi puʻuwai i nā ʻīlio?

Ma ka hoʻokolohua lapaʻau, lohe pinepine ʻia ka ʻōhumu puʻuwai a ʻike ʻia ka piʻi ʻana o ka puʻuwai. Hiki nō hoʻi nā arrhythmias cardiac. ʻO nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe e like me ka pōkole o ka hanu, ka luhi wikiwiki, ka ʻū nui, ka hana maikaʻi ʻole, ka makemake ʻole i ka hoʻoikaika kino, a i ʻole ka hoʻomaha pinepine ʻana.

He mea make anei ka ma'i pu'uwai i ka ilio?

Eia naʻe, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā maʻi puʻuwai ʻaʻole ia he hoʻopaʻi make no nā ʻīlio i hoʻopilikia ʻia, he ʻano ʻokoʻa iki o ke ola a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau mau. ʻO ka makemake ʻole i ka hoʻoikaika kino, ka ʻūhā ʻana ma hope o ka hoʻoikaika liʻiliʻi, a i ʻole ka ʻū ʻana me ke kumu ʻole he hōʻailona ia o ka maʻi puʻuwai i nā ʻīlio.

Pehea ke kani ʻana o ka pōpoki?

He mau wai ʻē aʻe ka maʻi ʻaʻa (e laʻa me ka pus, mucus, koko, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe). ʻO ka pōkole o ka hanu, ka hū ʻana, ke ʻoki ʻana, ka paʻakikī o ka ʻai ʻana, ka ʻūhā ʻana o ka ihu, a i ʻole ka leo hanu (e laʻa me ka ʻūhū, ka ʻū ʻana, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe).

Pehea ʻoe e ʻike ai i nā lungworms i nā pōpoki?

ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi lungworm: ʻo ka ʻu ʻana, ka ʻū, ka maka, a me ka ihu, a me ka pōkole o ka hanu he mea maʻalahi ke kuhihewa ʻo ia nā hōʻailona o nā maʻi hanu ʻē aʻe e like me ka maʻi pipi a i ʻole ka hānō.

He pōʻino anei ka ʻū ʻana i nā pōpoki?

Ke a'o ka popoki, hiki i nā kumu like 'ole. I ka hapanui o nā hihia, ʻaʻohe pōʻino o ka ʻāʻī o ka hoa wāwae ʻehā a nalowale koke. Eia nō naʻe, he hōʻailona paha kēia o ka maʻi koʻikoʻi.

He mea make anei ka pipi popoki?

No ka mea nona ka pōpoki, hiki ke hopohopo nui. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, hiki i nā kumu he nui no kēia a ʻaʻole pono lākou a pau. Inā ʻaʻole i hoʻokahi wale nō manawa, akā pinepine, pono ʻoe e nīnau i ke kauka holoholona.