Mary Allen
ʻO ka moa nā manu e waiho nui i nā hua. ʻIke mākou i nā moa mai ka mahiʻai a mai ka hale kūʻai paha. Ma laila mākou e kūʻai ai i nā moa e ʻai ai. Ma Kelemānia, ʻōlelo mākou no ka moa, ma Austria no ka moa. Ma Switzerland, pono mākou i ka inoa Farani ʻo Poulet. Loaʻa iā mākou nā pahu me nā hua moa ma nā papa.
Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i nā moa i kēlā me kēia lā. I loko o ka biology, aia ke kauoha Galliformes. ʻO kēia nā ʻano ʻano: partridge, quail, turkey, capercaillie, pheasant, peacock, a me nā moa home. Ke kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ka moa, ʻo ka ʻōlelo mau mākou i ka moa ʻohana.
Ma ka mahiʻai, helu ʻia ka moa i waena o ka moa. Kapa ʻia ke kāne he moa a moa paha. ʻO ka wahine ka moa. I kona wā ʻōpiopio, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he moa makuahine. Kapa ʻia nā ʻōpiopio he moa.
ʻO ke kaumaha o Bantam ma kahi o ka hapalua kilokani, hiki i nā moa ʻē aʻe ma luna o ʻelima kilokani. ʻOi mau ke kaumaha o nā moa ma mua o nā moa. Hoʻohana ka moa i ka hulu e like me nā ʻano manu a pau. Akā naʻe, hiki iā lākou ke lele maikaʻi ʻole a noho ka hapa nui ma ka honua.
No hea mai ka moa hale?
ʻO ka moa hale ka holoholona maʻamau o nā kānaka. I ka honua, he awelika ʻekolu moa no kēlā me kēia kanaka. Hana ʻia kā mākou moa mai nā moa Bankiva.
He moa hihiu ka moa Bankiva no Asia Hema. ʻO ke ʻano o ka hānau ʻana, pono mau nā kānaka i nā moa maikaʻi loa e hana ai i nā ʻōpio. ʻO kēia nā moa e waiho nui a i ʻole nā hua nui loa. A i ʻole nā moa, i momona ka wikiwiki. Akā hiki iā ʻoe ke hānai i nā moa maikaʻi loa. ʻO kēia ke ʻano o nā lāhui like ʻole.
Pehea ka noho ʻana o nā moa hale?
Ke noho manuahi ka moa ma kahi mahiʻai, ʻai lākou i ka mauʻu, ka ʻai, nā ilo, nā ʻōpala, nā inike, a me nā ʻiole. Ale no hoi ka moa i kekahi pohaku. I ka wā e ʻoki ai nā ʻiʻo a puni ka ʻōpū i ka puʻupuʻu, wili nā pōhaku i ka meaʻai.
Noho kūʻokoʻa lākou ma nā hui. ʻO ia hui he hoʻokahi wale nō moa a he nui nā moa. Aia kahi hierarchy koʻikoʻi ma waena o nā moa. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo ka pecking order no ka mea, i kekahi manawa e peʻe nā holoholona i kekahi i kekahi me ko lākou nuku. E hiamoe ka moa kūlana kiʻekiʻe ma luna o ka piko a koho i ka meaʻai maikaʻi loa. ʻO ia ke kumu e hoʻolaha nui ai ʻoe i ka hānai moa i liʻiliʻi nā hakakā.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hui hoʻokahi o nā moa ma ka mahiʻai ke lilo nei i mea kakaikahi. No nā mahiʻai nui ka hapa nui o nā moa. Noho maikaʻi nā moa manuahi. No laila, loaʻa iā ʻoe ka hoʻoikaika kino i kēlā me kēia lā. Aia ma waenakonu nā moa i loko o ka hale paʻa. Noho lākou ma ka papahele o kahi keʻena. ʻO ka caging ka mea kūlohelohe loa. Noho wale nā moa ma nā kaola a i ʻole ma lalo o ka hale.
He aha nā ʻano moa ʻokoʻa?
Mālama ʻia nā moa hānai no kā lākou mau keiki. No laila, koho maikaʻi ʻia ka moa a me ka moa. ʻO ka moa home he moa hānai, akā he nui nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole. Pili kēia i ka hana ʻana i ka ʻiʻo a i ʻole nā hua. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ka noho ʻana o nā moa hānai ma mua o ka hoʻomoe ʻana i ka moa a i ʻole nā broilers. Ma muli o ka hānau ʻana o ka ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi, nui nō hoʻi nā holoholona maʻi a nāwaliwali i hoʻohana ʻole ʻia.
Ua hānai ʻia nā moa hoʻomoe e hoʻohua i nā hua he nui. I ka makahiki 1950, hiki i ka moa hoomoe maikai ke hoomoe i 120 hua i ka makahiki. I ka makahiki 2015 aia ma kahi o 300 mau hua. Ua like kēia me ʻeono hua i ka pule. Hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻohua i nā pule he 20 ma hope o ka hāʻule ʻana. Ma hope o 60 mau pule, make lākou no ka emi ʻana o nā hua. ʻAʻole ia e uku hou i ka mea mahiʻai moa.
Pono e momona nā broilers i ka hikiwawe i hiki ke hoʻomākaukau i loko o ka lumi kuke ma hope o ka pepehi ʻana. Hoʻohana ʻia nā moa a me nā moa no nā kīʻaha moa. Ma Kelemānia, kapa ʻia lākou ʻo Hähnchen, ma Austria Hendl, a ma Switzerland ʻo Poulet. Pehi ia na moa no ka momona ma hope o 4 a 6 pule. A laila, hoʻokahi a me ka hapa a ʻelua a me ka hapa kilokani.
Pehea e hanau hou ai na moa hale?
Hoʻomaopopo ka moa i ka moa i ka wā e mākaukau ai ka male. Kūlou ka moa a hoʻopā i ka hulu o kona huelo. Kau ka moa i ka moa ma hope. A laila kaomi ka moa i kona puka ma luna o nā moa. A laila, kulu mai kona hua. Loaʻa nā pūnana sperm i ko lākou ala i nā pūnana hua. Hiki i nā pūnana sperm ke noho ma laila a hiki i ka 12 lā a hoʻomomona i nā hua manu.
Hoʻokumu ʻia ka disc germinal mai ka pūnae hua manu i hoʻomoʻa ʻia. Mai kēia, ulu ka moa. Lawe ʻo ia i ka yolk me ia i meaʻai. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he yolk. Ua wahī ʻia kēia ʻano ʻili, e like me ka lole i loko o kāna pepa.
Noho ka embryonic disk ma luna o kēia ʻili alohilohi. Aia ka albumen a i ʻole albumen ma waho. ʻO ka pūpū paʻakikī ma waho. Hiki i ka mea e haki i ka hua manu ʻaʻole i hoʻomoʻa ʻia ke ʻike i ka disc embryonic ma ka ʻili alohilohi a puni ka yolk.
He 24 hola wale nō mai ka fertilization a hiki i ka waiho ʻana o ka moa i kāna hua. A laila hoʻomākaukau ka hua aʻe. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ʻo ia mai ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā pūnana sperm. Inā noho ka moa me ka ʻole o ka moa, a i ʻole ka pau ʻana o ka lako sperm cell, e ulu mau ana nā hua. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻai iā lākou, akā ʻaʻole lākou e hana i nā moa.
Pono ka moa e hoʻomoe i ka hua i waiho ʻia no 21 mau lā. Hiki ke hana i kēia i loko o kahi incubator me ka wela hana. I loko o kēia manawa, ulu ka embryonic disc i kahi moa i hoʻopau ʻia. Ua ulu kekahi lae ma kona nuku, ka pu'u. Me kēia, kuʻi ka moa i ka ʻili hua a hana i ka ʻike a puni. A laila hoʻokuke ʻo ia i nā ʻāpana ʻelua me kona mau ʻēheu.
He mea mua ka moa. Kū koke lākou ma ko lākou mau wāwae a hele pū me ko lākou makuahine. No laila ʻaʻole pono lākou e hānai ʻia e ko lākou mau mākua e like me nā manu ʻē aʻe. Mālama ka moa i kāna mau moa a alakaʻi iā lākou i ka wai a me nā wahi hānai maikaʻi. ʻAʻole mālama ka moa i kāna mau keiki.