Mary Allen
I ka aquarists, kaulana ka iʻa hakakā ma muli o ko lākou mau kala ʻokoʻa a ma muli o kā lākou koi haʻahaʻa i ka mālama ʻana. He mea kūpono kēia iā lākou no nā poʻe hoʻomaka. Ma kekahi mau pōʻai, hānai ʻia lākou me ka makemake nui a me ka ʻike, ʻoliʻoli kekahi i nā ʻano kala like ʻole. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaiʻē lākou i ko lākou koho ʻana i ka iʻa hakakā i ko lākou huhū i nā conspecifics a me nā mea noho aquarium ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia. Ke koho ʻana i ka Bettas kūpono - e like me kā lākou i kapa ʻia - aia kekahi mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e hoʻomanaʻo.
ʻO ka hakakā ʻana i ka iʻa i ka nānā ʻana
Nui nā moʻolelo e hoʻopuni ana i ka iʻa hakakā. Ma muli o kā lākou hana ʻino i kekahi manawa, hoʻohana ʻia lākou ma Thailand, no ka laʻana, no ka hakakā iʻa a me ka pili. Eia naʻe, hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia ka poʻe e hoʻomaka nei i ka aquaristics ma kēia ʻāina. He maluhia loa ka iʻa ke mālama ʻia ma kahi ʻano kūpono.
ʻOi aku ka hilinaʻi o kona inoa ʻepekema ʻo Betta. He kamaaina lākou i nā ʻāina ulu laiki o Asia Hikina Hema a hiki ke ola i loko o kēia mau wai, ʻo kekahi o ia mau mea he haʻahaʻa loa i ka oxygen, no ka mea, loaʻa iā lākou ka mea i ʻike ʻia he okana labyrinth. ʻO kēia nā lua gill aia ma ka iwi poʻo ma hope o ka labyrinth pepeiao. Hoʻonui a kākoʻo ʻia nā lua i ʻole e hāʻule e like me nā laminae gill. ʻAe kēia iā lākou e paʻa i ka nui o ka ea e like me ka lewa o ka ʻauʻau. Hoʻohana pū ka iʻa Betta i ka ea lewa e hanu ai. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻauʻau lākou i ka ʻili o ka wai a hāhā no ka ea ma laila. No laila ʻoi aku ka pono o ka oxygen i loko o ka wai no lākou ma mua o nā ʻano iʻa ʻē aʻe. Akā ʻo ke komo manuahi i ka ʻili wai.
ʻO ko lākou ʻano o ke ola ʻana i maʻalahi ka mālama ʻana i ka iʻa hakakā exotic. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, loaʻa iā lākou nā ʻano ʻāina ikaika loa. Inā hiki iā lākou ke ola i kēia ma ka nahelehele a nele i ka ʻai, noho mālie ka iʻa. I loko o ka aquarium, akā naʻe, aia wale nā manawa kūpono no ka hoʻi ʻana a i ʻole nā mea ʻē aʻe.
A no laila, koho nui nā bettas i ka hakakā e hoʻonā i nā hakakā. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana me nā kānaka ʻē aʻe i lalo o ka wai he pilikia mau. ʻAʻole kūpono nā iʻa me kekahi i kekahi. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kāne me kā lākou ʻano hoʻokipa a me ka makemake e pale i ko lākou ʻāina.
Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo lākou nō hoʻi nā mea i nānā ʻia i ke kala ʻulaʻula. Hiki ke hele mai ʻo Bettas i nā ʻano kala a me nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻO kekahi mau ʻano ʻano ʻano ʻoniʻoni loa ka waihoʻoluʻu, a ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe i hana i nā unahi ʻālohilohi iridescent. ʻO nā peʻa lōʻihi e luli i ke au a me ka peʻa nani i ka wā ʻauʻau. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻana o nā wahine. Ma muli o ka ulu mua ʻana o ke kala o nā iʻa ʻōpio, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā wahine a me nā kāne mai kekahi i kekahi i nā pule mua a i ʻole nā mahina o ke ola.
ʻO ke kumu, he iʻa liʻiliʻi nā iʻa hakakā a pau. ʻO ka subspecies nui loa ka lōʻihi o 160 mm. He 13 mau pūʻulu o nā ʻano i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia:
- acarensis
- albimarginata
- Anabantoides
- Bellica
- coccina
- diimidata
- edithae
- Foerschi
- picta
- Pugnax
- maikaʻi
- Unimaculata
- Waseri
Eia kekahi, ʻokoʻa ke ʻano o kēlā me kēia ʻano Betta ma ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka mālama brood a lākou e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ai, inā i loko o ka pūnana pua a i ʻole nā waha waha. ʻO nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe e like me ke ʻano o ka ʻili caudal ka hopena o ka hoʻohua kūpono:
- hapalua
- Huu lei aliʻi
- ka huelo lōʻihi
- huelo uhi
- huelo poepoe
- nā ʻili delta
- huelo pālua
Ma ke ʻano o ka ʻokoʻa, loaʻa i ka iʻa hakakā kahi waihona nui e hāʻawi. Eia nō naʻe, ua manaʻo ʻia lākou he mea laʻa i nā hale kūʻai holoholona. ʻOi aku ka poʻe hoʻomaka e makemake e hoʻokumu i kā lākou aquarium mua i maopopo ʻole inā he kūpono maoli ka iʻa hakakā, a inā pēlā, ʻo wai.
ʻO ka iʻa hakakā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo (Betta albimarginata)
ʻAʻole loaʻa ka iʻa dwarf keʻokeʻo ma ke kālepa. No Borneo mai ia, a ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea hoʻopuka waha. Eia naʻe, no ka mea, ʻaʻole ia e lawe mai i ka nani o ka waihoʻoluʻu, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka waihoʻoluʻu salmon, ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha, ua kuhi hewa pinepine ʻia i ka nānā mua ʻana. Eia kekahi, ʻo ia kekahi o nā iʻa hakakā liʻiliʻi a hiki i 4 a 6 knm wale nō.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi ka ʻili o nā kāne. He outline keʻokeʻo kēia i ukali koke ʻia e kahi ʻeleʻele.
Pono e kuhikuhi ʻia ka maikaʻi o ka wai no ka iʻa pygmy keʻokeʻo ma muli o ke kumu a ma muli o ka hopena hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia mai 20°C a 30°C, me kahi waiwai PH ma waena o 5.5 a 7.0 e koi ʻia. No ka mea pono ʻoe e nānā pono i kahi e hele mai ai ka iʻa, ʻaʻole pono e mālama ʻia i ka poʻe hoʻomaka. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, he maluhia loa ka Betta albimarginata, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa e like me ka nui o ka pahu i hāʻawi ʻia i kahi ākea. Eia naʻe, pono e uhi maikaʻi ʻia ka aquarium: ʻo nā iʻa dwarf keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo he poʻe lele maikaʻi.
ʻO ka iʻa hakakā ʻula waina (Betta coccina)
E like me ka hōʻike ʻana o kona inoa, ʻo ka iʻa hakakā burgundy he burgundy i ka waihoʻoluʻu, me ka ikaika mai ka palupalu a i ka ikaika, ma muli o ke ʻano. He palena keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ko ka hope a me ka ʻaoʻao hope a - ma muli o ke ʻano o ke ʻano - nā wahi ʻālohilohi metala-'ōmaʻomaʻo. Aia ma ka waena o nā ʻaoʻao he mau wahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo a turquoise paha. A ʻo ka Betta coccina, ma kahi o 5 a 7 knm ka lōʻihi, ʻālohilohi i nā nuances he nui.
Ua kaupalena ʻia ka hanana kūlohelohe i ka Peninsula Malay a me Sumatra. Ma laila ka iʻa e noho ai ma nā wahi waikahe a me nā wahi puʻu, ʻo ka hapa nui ma nā wahi wai liʻiliʻi a koena paha. Me nā koina pH ma lalo o 5, ʻaʻole kēia he wahi kūpono. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka mahiʻai ma nā wahi e hoʻoweliweli i ka heluna o nā bettas.
No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana i ka iʻa hakakā ma ka aquarium. Eia nō naʻe, pono ia i ka wai ʻawaʻawa a me ka wai palupalu, pono e maʻemaʻe, maʻemaʻe a maʻemaʻe. ʻO nā mahana ma waena o 23 a 27 ° C a me nā waiwai pH ma kahi o 5 a hiki i ka 6.5 kiʻekiʻe loa. I ka pōkole, pono ka maroon betta i kahi aquarium wai ʻeleʻele, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka kānana ʻia me ka peat.
A no ka makemake o keia mau i'a e lele ma ka lihi o ka pahu, pono e uhi pono ia ka aquarium. I ka manawa like, e mahana like ana ka ea ma luna o ka ʻili wai. A i ʻole, e loaʻa koke nā holoholona i ke anu.
ʻO ka iʻa hakakā maluhia (Betta imbellis)
ʻO ka iʻa hakakā maluhia ʻo ia ka inoa paradoxical i ke ʻano o ka ʻāina ʻano haʻahaʻa i ulu wale ʻia i ka wā hānai. I loko o kahi harem me 4 a 5 mau wahine a me hoʻokahi kāne, hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻia nā holoholona, no laila ʻaʻohe makaʻu o nā poʻe noho aquarium noho mālie.
Ma 4 a 5 knm, ʻo Betta imbellis kekahi o nā ʻelele liʻiliʻi o kona ʻano. Ma ke ʻano o ka waihoʻoluʻu, hele mai ia ma ke ʻano o ka uliuli, ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka turquoise, me ʻelua mau kaha lōʻihi ʻeleʻele ma kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao o ke kino i nā kāne ʻelua. Ma ke ʻano kūpono, ʻālohilohi nā unahi i kahi polū metala ikaika a me nā ʻili me kahi palena ʻulaʻula.
ʻOkoʻa ke kala a me ke kino ma muli o ko lākou kumu. He ʻano maoli kēia ʻano i kahi ākea ma Asia Hikina Hema, ma ke kū a ma nā wahi mālie o ka wai kahe. Ma nā hale kūʻai holoholona, ʻaʻole kakaikahi ka iʻa hakakā maluhia. Paipai ʻia ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka aquarium me ka peat no kēia mau iʻa. ʻO ka mahana wai o 24 a 28 ° C me ka pH kūʻokoʻa o 6 a 7 ua lawa.
ʻO ka iʻa hakakā Emerald (Betta smaragdina)
Eia nō hoʻi, ʻōlelo ka inoa: ʻO ka iʻa hakakā emerald e ʻālohilohi i nā unahi ʻālohilohi emerald-'ōmaʻomaʻo, me nā nuances mai ka ʻeleʻele a ʻulaʻula. Ke mākaukau lākou e hoʻoulu, hana nā wahine i nā kāʻei transverse beige-keʻokeʻo a ʻike pū ʻia ka waihoʻoluʻu weliweli o ka iʻa e ka beige māmā.
Ma keʻano laulā, ʻo ka Betta smaragdina, hiki ke piʻi i ka 7 knm ka lōʻihi, he ʻuʻuku, hilahila a mālie. Hiki nō hoʻi iā lākou ke hana maʻalahi i nā haʻahaʻa organik nui i loko o ka wai. Eia naʻe, ma waho aʻe o kēlā, he haʻahaʻa loa lākou. ʻO Tropical 24 a 27 °C a me ka pH waiwai ma waena o 6 a me 8 lawa no ka iʻa. Hele mai lākou mai ka ʻākau a me ka hikina o Thailand a ua manaʻo ʻia he ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ko lākou mau hoa.
ʻO ka iʻa hakakā Siamese (Betta splendens)
ʻO ka iʻa i ʻike nui ʻia ʻo ka Betta splendens. ʻIke ʻia no kona ʻinoʻino i nā iʻa ʻē aʻe, no kona hōʻike ʻana i nā hoʻokūkū - a no kona mau kala nani i hui pū ʻia me nā ʻili hae. No ka poʻe kamaʻāina o Thailand a me Cambodia, ʻo nā ʻano iʻa hakakā ʻo Siamese kekahi mea o kahi hōʻailona kūlana. Ua kaulana loa ka iʻa iā mākou ma muli o ko lākou helehelena ʻokoʻa a me kā lākou ʻano hoihoi, ʻoiai ʻaʻole pono e hakakā a make. Ua lawe maoli ka poʻe aquarists kūloko i nā iʻa hakakā Siamese i ko lākou puʻuwai.
I nā ʻano hihiu, ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula maʻamau nā kāne me nā unahi ʻālohilohi ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻoi aku ka melemele-ʻeleʻele nā wahine. ʻO ka hānau ʻana i manaʻo ʻia, akā naʻe, ua hiki i kēlā me kēia hui kala hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia. Me ka lōʻihi o ke kino o 5 a 7 knm a me nā lau ākea ākea, hiki ke kala i kona iho.
Ma muli o ko lākou ʻano ʻāina i haʻi ʻia, pono e mālama ʻia ʻo Betta splendes i ʻelua a i ʻole i nā harem liʻiliʻi. Inā koʻikoʻi ka iʻa, hakakā lākou i kekahi manawa i kā lākou noʻonoʻo ponoʻī. No laila he mea koʻikoʻi loa nā manawa e hoʻi hope ai iā lākou, no laila hiki ke liʻiliʻi ka pahu ponoʻī, akā ma kahi o 50 lita. ʻO ka nui o ka aquarium e hilinaʻi mau i ka nui o nā holoholona. I ka hiki ʻana mai i ka maikaʻi o ka wai, ʻoluʻolu nā iʻa hakakā Siamese me kahi ʻenehana maʻamau 24 - 30 °C a me ka waiwai pH o 6 a 8.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona i ka mālama ʻana i ka iʻa a me ka aquarium
ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ka ʻano ʻāina o ka iʻa hakakā. ʻO Perch a me nā ʻano iʻa harem-forming ʻē aʻe e hakakā i ko lākou mau hoa hoʻokūkū. Mai ka maka ʻeleʻele a hiki i ka nahu a hiki i ka hakakā ola-a-make, hiki i kekahi mea. ʻO ka iʻa Betta wale nō e hele i nā mea koʻikoʻi i ka hapa nui o ka manawa.
ʻOi aku ka nui o nā lako o ka loko. Me kahi koho kūpono o nā mea kanu wai (e laʻa me Java fern), nā aʻa a me nā ana pōhaku, pono ia e hāʻawi i nā manawa kūpono no ka hoʻi hope ʻana a me nā wahi peʻe a me nā wahi hānai. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka ʻili lōʻihi e like me ka hae - no laila pono ʻoe e hoʻolohe i ke ʻano kūpono.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā bettas makemake i nā mea kanu lana hou aʻe, a ma kekahi ʻaoʻao e hoʻomāmā i ke kukui a ma kekahi ʻaoʻao e ʻae iā lākou e hauʻoli ma ka ʻili wai i pale ʻia akā ʻaʻole keakea. He mea kūpono hoʻi nā mea kanu lana no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā pūnana pua ma lalo. Eia nō naʻe, pono e noa ke komo ʻana i ka ʻili wai. ʻAʻole ʻōlelo ʻia nā aquarium i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā ʻano mea hoʻonaninani a i ʻole kahi uhi mea kanu.
ʻO ka nui o ka wai he 50 lita ka liʻiliʻi loa no nā kāne. Pono e ʻoi aku ka nui o ka aquarium no ka mālama ʻana i nā harems a me nā ʻano iʻa ʻē aʻe i mea e mālama pono ai i nā ʻano. ʻAʻole pono nā au i hana ʻia, akā pono e pale ʻia ma ka ʻili wai me nā mea hoʻohua pūnana pua.
ʻO ke kūpono, ʻo ka ea ma luna pono o ka ʻili wai e kūpono i ka mahana o ka wai. Inā hāhā ka iʻa no ka oxygen me ko lākou waha luna, hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa koke i ke anu a maʻi nui inā haʻahaʻa loa ka wela. ʻO kahi poʻi pani wai e mālama pono i ka mahana wela. Mālama pū ia i nā iʻa lele ʻole mai kekahi make i ka maloʻo.
He mea maikaʻi loa kahi aquarium wai ʻeleʻele kūikawā no kekahi mau ʻano iʻa hakakā. ʻO kēia ke kumu he aquarium wai piha i hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻohālike i nā kūlana ʻano me ka haʻahaʻa-salinity, ka wai palupalu. I ka manawa like, hoʻohui ʻia ka peat e hoʻonui i ka kānana. Pēlā i hana ʻia ai ke kala wai ʻeleʻele maʻamau.
A i ʻole, ʻaneʻane like nā koi o ka bettas no ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano iʻa e like me nā iʻa wai maʻemaʻe: nā kūlana kukui hoʻomalu, paʻa, nā mahana wela, nā kānana a me nā hoʻololi ʻana o ka wai maʻamau a me ka mālama ʻana i ka aquarium.
ʻO ka hānai ʻana i nā bettas
Ma ka nahelehele, hānai ʻo Bettas i nā ʻōpala makika, nā ʻauʻau wai, a me nā mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a me nā molluscs. ʻImi maʻamau lākou iā lākou i loko o ka wai a i ʻole e kokoke ana i ka meaʻai, e pae ana ma ka ʻili wai a i ʻole hiki ke hopu ʻia ma luna pono. I ka pōkole: ʻo nā bettas nā mea ʻai maʻemaʻe.
I loko o ka aquarium makemake lākou i ka meaʻai ola, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi crustaceans e like me daphnia a me artemia. Eia nō naʻe, i kēlā me kēia manawa hiki ke lilo i meaʻai iʻa maloʻo ma ke ʻano o nā flakes, papa a i ʻole granules. ʻAe ʻia ka meaʻai paʻa.
ʻAʻole pono e hānai ʻia nā holoholona makua. ʻAʻole pōʻino ka lā hoʻokē ʻai, no ka mea, ua lilo lākou i ka momona.
ʻO nā keiki ʻōpiopio hou, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻae maikaʻi loa i ka ʻai lepo, artemia nauplii a me nā parameciums. Ma hope o ʻekolu pule o ka hānai ʻana, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia i nā holoholona ʻai maʻamau.
Hoʻopili i ka iʻa hakakā
Ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hana hoʻomāinoino, mālama ʻia nā bettas i pālua (1 kāne a me 1 wahine) a i ʻole ma nā harems (1 kāne a me 3 a 4 mau wahine). Pono kekahi mau kāne i ko lākou ʻāina ponoʻī a me nā wahi kūpono i ka aquarium. I kekahi mau ʻano, e like me ka Betta smaragdina, hiki ʻole i nā kāne ke launa pū kekahi me kekahi, inā ua ulu pū lākou. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole noho maluhia nā wahine i waena o lākou iho. Manaʻo ʻia ka mālama ʻana iā lākou i pālua no nā iʻa hakakā Siamese a me ka maroon.
No ka hoʻoulu ʻana a i ʻole ka pale ʻana i ka hana hou ʻana, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka ʻano hoʻokipa ma ke ʻano o ka wela o ka wai. I ka wā hoʻokamakama, hōʻike maoli ka iʻa hakakā i ko lākou ʻaoʻao nani loa. Mohala maoli lākou a lilo ka aquarium holoʻokoʻa i ka honua lalo o ka wai. I kekahi manawa, akā, hiki i nā kāne ke paʻakikī loa. ʻO ke koho ʻana o kekahi mau wahine a me nā mea hiki ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia e hiki ai i nā holoholona ke noho pū me ka ʻole o ka huhū i nā wā "wela".
Me ka nui o ka pahu kūpono a me ka lako meaʻai lawa, ua maluhia loa ka hānai ʻana i nā ʻōpiopio, me ka nānā ʻole i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i loko o ka pūnana pua a i ka waha. ʻO ka mea nui, mālama ke kāne, ʻo ia hoʻi ka mea waiū, mālama i ke keiki. I ka wā e ulu aʻe ai nā keiki, pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou mai ka harem i ka manawa maikaʻi e pale aku ai i nā hakakā ma waena o nā holoholona kahiko a me nā ʻōpio.
Pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia ka hui pū ʻana me nā ʻano iʻa ʻē aʻe. ʻO Guppies, no ka laʻana, he mau moho hele ʻole. ʻIke ʻia nā kāne guppy ma ke ʻano he hoʻokūkū a hoʻouka ʻia ma muli o ko lākou ʻano like. Hoʻohana like ia i nā ʻano iʻa waihoʻoluʻu a lōʻihi.
Hoʻopilikia pū nā holoholona olaola a ʻeleu paha i ka bettas. ʻO ka iʻa hakakā emerald, ʻo ia hoʻi, hilahila loa a me ka haʻalulu. ʻO ka haunaele i hope a i waho he mea nui loa ia no lākou, ʻo ia ka hopena i ka huhū a i ʻole ma ke ʻano o nā maʻi a i ʻole ke ola pōkole. Noho maoli ʻo Bettas i 3 a 4 mau makahiki.
ʻO nā ʻano iʻa o ka nui like a me ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e hana mālie a noho i ka ʻāpana haʻahaʻa o ka pahu i kūpono no ka launa pū ʻana me bettas. ʻO kēia mau mea, no ka laʻana, nā iʻa iʻa kaua a me nā danios.
I ka hopena, no ka mālama ʻana i ka betta, ʻo kahi pahu ʻano mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke ala maikaʻi loa e nānā ai i ko lākou nani nani a me nā ʻano hoihoi.