Mary Allen
ʻO ka Extatosoma tiaratum, ka mea ʻuhane ʻuhane o Australia, ʻo ia paha kekahi o nā pepeke maʻamau i mālama ʻia i loko o nā terrariums. He ʻuhane ʻuhane paha ia mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana, i hana hou ʻia ma ʻEulopa. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe a me nā kūlana hale maʻalahi e lilo ia i mea hoihoi a me kahi kahu mahalo e hiki ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka hauʻoli.
I ka Taxonomy
Aia ka Extatosoma tiaratum i ka papa o nā phasmids (Phasmatodea), ʻo ia hoʻi nā ʻuhane weliweli.
No kēia pūʻulu nō hoʻi nā lau hele wāwae (Phylliidae) a me nā pepeke lāʻau. He "insect ghost maoli" (Phasmatidae) ka 'Australia ghost insect, he 'ōiwi maoli 'o ia i ka 'āina a me nā subtropics o Australia. E like me nā ʻuhane a pau, ʻo ka ʻuhane Australia he herbivore maʻemaʻe e hānai ana i nā lau. ʻIke ʻia kēia ʻano meaʻai he phytophagous.
No ka Camouflage
E like me ka Walking Leaves, Extatosoma tiaratum e hoʻohālike i ke ʻano a me ke ʻano o nā lau. I ka hihia o nā ʻuhane Australia, akā naʻe, ua maloʻo kēia mau mea. Ma ke ʻano o ka waihoʻoluʻu, ʻike ʻia nā hanana mai ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo a i ʻulaʻula, ʻoiai ua ʻike ʻia nā ʻano hina. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia mau ʻano kala me ka lichen. ʻAʻole i wehewehe maopopo ʻia ka ʻepekema inā he hoʻoholo genetic kēia a i ʻole ke kuleana o ke kaiapuni i ke kala i hoʻololi ʻia. E ʻike ʻia nā hopena.
Akā ʻaʻole nā holoholona makua wale nō i hoʻomoe ʻia, akā ua pale pū ʻia nā nymphs hou e ka camouflage. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole hoʻohālike nā holoholona ʻōpiopio i nā lau, akā nā ʻanuʻu: Ke manaʻo nei ka ant ahi Australian he mau hua momona nā hua o ka ʻenekini kiko Australia a lawe iā lākou i ka pūnana. ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻai ʻia nā hua ʻili paʻa, a ma hope o ka hāʻule ʻana, haʻalele nā ʻuhane i ka lua e like me nā nimph ʻōpiopio i like loa me nā ʻanoʻano, kāʻili ʻia e piʻi i nā kumulāʻau a puni a ʻai i laila.
Hāʻawi nā ʻano camouflage ʻelua i ka palekana maikaʻi loa a kūleʻa i nā mea ʻaihue, a ʻo ia ka nui o ke ola no ka ʻuhane Australia ʻaʻole paha he pikiniki.
To Biology
Hiki i ka ʻiʻo lāʻau Australian, e like me ka hapa nui o nā inike kupua, hiki ke hoʻokahe i nā lālā i ka pilikia e pale iā ia iho. Ma ka pae larval, ulu hou kēia mau mea i kahi palena palena, no laila hiki ke hana hou ʻia i kekahi ʻano. E like me kekahi mau lau hele wāwae, hiki i ka Extatosoma tiaratum ke hānau puʻupaʻa (parthenogenesis), hiki i ka wahine ke hana i nā keiki puʻupaʻa me ka ʻole o ka hilinaʻi ʻana i ke kāne.
No ka meaʻai
Ma kona ʻāina hānau ʻo Australia, ʻai nui ʻo Extatosoma tiaratum i ka eucalyptus (he aha ʻē aʻe?!), ʻoiai pono e ʻōlelo ʻia aia ma luna o 600 mau ʻano ʻano like ʻole o ka eucalyptus, nā kumulāʻau ʻulaʻula uliuli! Ma ko mākou latitu, makemake nā holoholona e ʻae iā lākou iho me nā lau o nā mea kanu rose, e like me z. No ka laʻana, hānai i ka blackberry, raspberry, dog rose, etc. Akā, ʻai pū ʻia nā lau ʻoka, beech, a i ʻole hawthorn.
I ka Hooulu ana
ʻO ka ulu ʻana o nā hua e pili ana i ka mahana a hiki ke lawe i ʻeono mahina. ʻO ka ulu ʻana o ka larval i ka imago, ka holoholona makua, ʻoi aku ka hapalua o ka makahiki, ma muli o ka mahana a me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai. Noho nā holoholona kāne i imago ma kahi o ʻekolu a ʻelima mau mahina. Hiki i nā wāhine ke ola a hiki i hoʻokahi makahiki a waiho i nā hua he nui i kēia manawa i mea e lawa ai nā keiki.
I ke kāne Dimorphism
E like me nā mea weliweli ʻē aʻe, Extatosoma tiaratum, ʻokoʻa nā holoholona kāne a me nā holoholona wahine mai kekahi i kekahi. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā kāne hakakā ma mua o nā wahine lele ʻole, he mau ʻēheu stub wale nō. Hōʻike ʻia nā wahine e ka lawe ʻana i kā lākou ʻōpū voluminous (ʻo ka "abdomen" ka "abdomen" o nā inike) curved e like me ka stinger scorpion. Loaʻa i nā wahine nā hua ʻala ma ka exoskeleton i nele i nā kāne. Hiki i ka nui o ke kino ke hāʻawi i kahi hōʻailona: ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā kāne ma lalo o 10 cm ma mua o nā wahine, hiki ke ulu a hiki i 14 knm.
I ka Manao
ʻO nā kūlana mālama o Extatosoma tiaratum e like me nā mea he nui o nā phasmids.
ʻO nā enuhe, nā terrariums aniani, a me nā terrarium plastik no ka manawa lōʻihi he kūpono e like me nā terrariums. I kēlā me kēia hihia, pono ʻoe e hoʻolohe i ka ventila maikaʻi a pale i ka wai. Hiki ke uhi ʻia ka lepo me ka peat a i ʻole me kahi substrate maloʻo inorganic (e laʻa me vermiculite, pebbles). ʻO kahi ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka hōʻike me ka pepa kīhini, no ka mea e maʻalahi kēia i ka ʻohi ʻana i nā hua. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hana i ka wā i uhi ʻia ai ka papahele ma mua o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ʻōwili kīhini i kēlā me kēia pule. I kekahi manawa, pono e hoʻololi ʻia ka uhi kūlohelohe a i ʻole nā mea hoʻonaninani no ka mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻili o nā holoholona i ʻole e ʻike ʻole ʻia. Pono ʻoe e makaʻala ʻaʻole e hoʻolei i nā hua me ka pono ʻole. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e koho i ka liʻiliʻi o ka terrarium. No nā kāne makua, ʻo 30 knm x 50 knm x 40 knm (BHD) ka nui liʻiliʻi, me ka nui o nā holoholona e like me ia. Hoʻokomo wale ʻia nā lālā ʻoki o nā mea kanu forage i loko o kahi pahu i loko o ka terrarium a hoʻololi pinepine ʻia. Pono ʻoe e pale i nā lau pala a me ka lāʻau poʻo ma muli o ka pilikia o ka maʻi. Pono pono ka mahana o ka terrarium ma luna o 20 ° C (ma kahi o 20-25 ° C), akā ʻaʻole ma luna o 30 ° C. Ma nā lumi noho he nui, hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ka mahana o loko o ka terrarium ma o ka lumi maʻamau. Pono ka ea ma kahi o 60 a 80%. Pono e pale ʻia ka wai no nā kumu olakino (e hōʻoia i ka lawa ʻana o ka ea!). No ka mālama ʻana i ka mahana a me ka haʻahaʻa, pono ʻoe e hoʻokomo i kahi thermometer a me kahi hygrometer i loko o ka terrarium.
Panina
He maʻalahi ka mālama ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻuhane ʻuhane o Australia. Eia naʻe, pono e hōʻoia ka mea e hōʻoluʻolu i ka laina hānau o kekahi (e hiki mai ana, inā e mālama pono kekahi i nā kūlana hale kūpono ...) me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe i mea e pale ai i ka inbreeding a me nā pōʻino e pili ana iā ia.