Introduction: What to Expect at 12 Weeks

At 12 weeks old, your puppy is still very young and may not have fully developed their personality yet. However, this is a crucial time for them to learn basic skills and behaviors that will shape their future. By this age, your puppy should have received their first set of vaccinations, making it safe to introduce them to different people, environments, and other animals. You can expect your puppy to be curious, energetic, and eager to learn.

Socialization: Exposure to Different People and Environments

Socialization is essential for your puppy to grow into a well-adjusted and confident adult dog. By exposing them to different people, animals, and environments, you can help them develop positive associations with these things. Make sure to introduce your puppy to people of different ages, genders, and races, as well as other animals, such as dogs and cats. Take them to different places, such as parks, beaches, and busy city streets. Socialization should be a continuous process throughout your dog’s life, but it is particularly important during the first few months.

House Training: Establishing a Routine

House training is probably the most important thing your puppy needs to learn. Establishing a routine will help them learn when and where they should go potty. Take your puppy outside to their designated potty spot frequently, especially after meals, naps, and playtime. When your puppy goes potty outside, reward them with praise and treats. If they have an accident indoors, calmly clean it up and avoid punishing them, as this can cause fear and anxiety.

Bite Inhibition: Teaching Appropriate Play

Puppies love to play and explore the world with their mouths, but it is important to teach them appropriate play and bite inhibition. If your puppy nips or bites too hard, make a yelping noise to startle them, then immediately stop playing and walk away. This will teach them that biting too hard means the fun stops. Encourage gentle play and provide appropriate toys for them to chew on.

Basic Commands: Sit, Stay, Come

Teaching your puppy basic commands, such as sit, stay, and come, will make your life easier and help keep your puppy safe. Start with one command at a time, using positive reinforcement and treats to reward good behavior. Keep training sessions short and frequent, and gradually increase the level of difficulty. Remember to always end on a positive note, with lots of praise and treats.

Leash Training: Walking on a Leash without Pulling

Leash training is important for both you and your puppy’s safety. Start by getting your puppy used to wearing a collar or harness, then introduce them to the leash. Let them sniff and explore the leash while you hold it, then gradually start walking with them. Encourage your puppy to walk beside you without pulling, using treats and praise to reward good behavior. Remember to be patient and consistent, and never pull or drag your puppy on the leash.

Crate Training: Providing a Safe and Comfortable Space

Crate training can help your puppy feel safe and comfortable while also preventing destructive behavior and potty accidents. Start by introducing your puppy to the crate gradually, using positive reinforcement and treats to encourage them to go inside. Always make the crate a positive experience, never using it as punishment. Use the crate for short periods of time when you are home, gradually increasing the duration, and never leaving your puppy in the crate for extended periods.

Handling and Grooming: Getting Your Puppy Used to Touch

Getting your puppy used to being handled and groomed will make it easier to care for them and prevent fear and anxiety. Start by gently petting and touching your puppy all over, including their paws, ears, and mouth. Gradually introduce grooming tools, such as brushes and clippers, using positive reinforcement to reward good behavior. Regular grooming and handling will also help you detect any health issues early on.

Establishing Good Behavior: Rewarding Positive Actions

Positive reinforcement is the most effective way to train your puppy. Reward good behavior with praise and treats, using a consistent and positive tone of voice. This will encourage your puppy to repeat the behavior in the future. Remember to be patient and consistent, and always reward even small steps in the right direction.

Avoiding Negative Behavior: Discouraging Unwanted Actions

Discouraging unwanted behavior is just as important as rewarding good behavior. Avoid punishing your puppy, as this can cause fear and anxiety, but instead redirect their attention to something else. For example, if your puppy starts chewing on something they shouldn’t, offer them an appropriate toy instead. Consistency is key, so make sure everyone in your household is on the same page.

Bonding: Building a Strong Relationship with Your Puppy

Bonding with your puppy is essential for a happy and healthy relationship. Spend quality time with your puppy, playing, cuddling, and exploring the world together. Get to know their personality and preferences, and always show them love and affection. A strong bond will make training easier and ensure a lifetime of love and companionship.

Conclusion: Ongoing Training and Maintenance

Training your puppy is an ongoing process that requires patience, consistency, and dedication. By following the essential things your puppy should have learned by 12 weeks old, you can ensure a happy and well-behaved adult dog. Remember to continue socialization and training throughout your dog’s life, and always show them love and affection. With the right guidance and care, your puppy will grow into a loyal and loving companion.